非遗如何被记忆：人工智能时代非遗的活态传承与媒介演绎

How Intangible Cultural Heritage Is Remembered: The Living Transmission and Media Interpretation of ICH in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

摘要: 非物质文化遗产作为无实体承载的历史见证与文化符号，其活态性根植于“人”的社会实践，成为联结过去与当下的记忆纽带。然而，非遗的存续始终面临着一个悖论。作为活态记忆，它依赖身体、口头与代际交往得以传递；但恰恰是这种依赖性，使其在现代化进程中极易断裂与消逝。当前，人工智能技术正以前所未有的方式重塑非遗的记忆建构与传承，推动非遗记忆从身体依存转向数字活化，为非遗的存续提供了新的可能性。基于此，核心问题在于，人工智能如何重构非遗记忆的存续逻辑？非遗记忆的主体、媒介与过程发生了什么变化？为回答这一问题，研究首先从记忆研究的视角出发，界定非遗记忆的分析框架，进而沿着记忆的过程，考察人工智能技术对于非遗记忆的创新转化与演绎。同时需要指出的是，这一转化并非单向的进步叙事。人工智能在挽救记忆的同时，也在重构乃至简化记忆。因此，在承认人工智能赋能潜力的同时，亦须揭示其可能带来的文化简化与主体消解风险，进而探讨如何在技术逻辑与人文价值之间寻找一条负责任的非遗记忆传承路径。

Abstract: As historical testimonies and cultural symbols without physical carriers, intangible cultural heritage (ICH) derives its living nature from human social practices, serving as a mnemonic bond that connects the past with the present. However, the survival of ICH has always been confronted with an inherent paradox: as living memory, it relies on bodily practice, oral transmission, and intergenerational communication for its perpetuation—yet it is precisely this dependency that renders it highly vulnerable to disruption and disappearance in the process of modernization. At present, artificial intelligence technologies are reshaping the memory construction and transmission of ICH in unprecedented ways, driving a shift in ICH memory from bodily dependence to digital revitalization, and thus opening up new possibilities for its preservation. On this basis, the core question is: how does artificial intelligence reconstruct the logic of ICH memory’s survival? What changes have occurred in the subjects, media, and processes of ICH memory? To address these questions, this study first establishes an analytical framework for ICH memory from the perspective of memory studies, and then, following the trajectory of mnemonic processes, examines the innovative transformation and interpretation of ICH memory enabled by artificial intelligence technologies. It must also be noted that this transformation is not a unidirectional narrative of progress—while artificial intelligence salvages memory, it simultaneously reconstructs and even simplifies it. Therefore, while acknowledging the empowering potential of artificial intelligence, the study also reveals the risks of cultural simplification and subject dissolution that may ensue, and further explores how to navigate a responsible pathway for ICH memory transmission that balances technological logic with humanistic values.