多种新型复合比值指标对重症肺炎患者病情严重程度及预后的研究进展

Research Progress of Multiple Novel Composite Ratio Indicators on the Severity and Prognosis of Patients with Severe Pneumonia

摘要: 重症肺炎是临床常见的危重症，病情进展迅速，病死率高达30%~50%，早期准确评估其严重程度及预后对指导临床治疗决策至关重要。近年来，基于常规血常规及生化指标衍生的新型复合比值指标，如中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(MHR)、淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值(LMR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、应激性血糖升高比值(SHR)等，因其检测便捷、成本低廉、可重复性强等优势受到广泛关注。本文就上述复合比值指标在重症肺炎患者病情严重程度评估及预后预测中的研究进展进行综述，以期为临床实践提供参考。

Abstract: Severe pneumonia is a common critical illness in clinical practice, with rapid disease progression and a mortality rate as high as 30%~50%. Early and accurate assessment of its severity and prognosis is crucial for guiding clinical treatment decisions. In recent years, novel composite ratio indicators derived from routine complete blood count and biochemical parameters—such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR)—have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages of convenient detection, low cost, and high reproducibility. This article reviews the research progress of the above composite ratio indicators in assessing disease severity and predicting prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia, aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.