基于“菟丝子–续断”药对探讨寿胎丸治疗先兆流产的作用机制

Exploration of the Mechanism of Action of Shoutai Pills in Treating Threatened Abortion Based on the Medicinal Pair of “Cuscutae Semen-Dipsaci Radix” Herb Pair

摘要: 先兆流产是妊娠早期常见并发症，属中医学“胎漏”、“胎动不安”范畴，肾虚冲任不固、胎元失养是其核心病机。“菟丝子–续断”为临床经典补肾安胎药对，二者活性成分丰富，可多靶点、多通路干预先兆流产病理进程。该药对可通过调控cAMP-PKA、NF-κB、JAK1/STAT3等信号通路，调节下丘脑–垂体–卵巢轴功能、纠正母胎界面免疫失衡、抑制子宫平滑肌异常收缩、改善子宫–胎盘血流灌注，从而发挥补肾安胎作用。文章系统梳理该药对治疗先兆流产的作用机制，旨在为其临床应用及先兆流产的中西医结合防治提供理论参考。

Abstract: Threatened abortion is a common complication in early pregnancy, which belongs to the category of “fetal leakage” and “restless fetal movement” in traditional Chinese medicine. The core pathogenesis is kidney deficiency, unstable Chong and Ren meridians, and fetal dystrophy. “Cuscutae Semen-Dipsaci Radix” is a clinical classic drug pair for tonifying the kidney and preventing miscarriage. Both of them are rich in active components, which can interfere with the pathological process of threatened abortion with multiple targets and channels. The drug pair can regulate the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis, correct the immune imbalance of the maternal-fetal interface, inhibit the abnormal contraction of uterine smooth muscle, and improve the blood perfusion of the uterus-placenta by regulating the signal pathways such as cAMP-PKA, NF-κB, and JAK1/STAT3, so as to play the role of tonifying the kidney and preventing miscarriage. This paper systematically combs the mechanism of this medicine in treating threatened abortion, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for its clinical application and the prevention and treatment of threatened abortion with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.