智能技术赋能教育高质量发展：内涵、挑战与治理

Intelligent Technology Enabling High-Quality Development of Education: Connotation, Challenges and Governance

摘要: 本文系统阐述了智能技术赋能教育高质量发展的内涵、路径、挑战与治理。首先，从目标追求、实现路径与价值归属三个维度厘清其内涵，即质量与公平的辩证统一、过程控制与结果控制的有机结合、技术赋能与人的发展相统一。在此基础上，提炼出数据驱动的精准化教学、智能化综合性评价、个性化学习以及区域教育整体跃升等实践路径。进而，从技术嵌入的适配度偏差、教育数据治理体系薄弱、教师数字素养滞后以及技术应用伦理风险等四个维度，深入剖析当前面临的主要挑战。最后，构建系统化的治理框架：以人机协同为核心理念，确立“人在回路”原则并推动教育专用大模型研发；以产品准入机制为依托，防范算法偏见与歧视；以数据治理为保障，推进数据标准化和数据安全防护以及智能工具校园准入；以教师数字素养提升为目标，完善分层分类培训体系；以制度规范为支撑，健全政策法规、伦理审查与动态监测评估机制。

Abstract: This article systematically expounds the connotation, paths, challenges and governance of intelligent technology enabling the high-quality development of education. Firstly, we clarify its connotations from three dimensions: goal pursuit, implementation path, and value attribution, namely the dialectical unity of quality and fairness, the organic combination of process control and result control, and the integration of technological enablement and human development. And on this basis, several practical approaches have been extracted, including data-driven precision teaching, intelligent comprehensive evaluation, personalized learning, and overall improvement of regional education. Furthermore, from four dimensions: the adaptability deviation of technology embedding, the weak educational data governance system, the lagging digital literacy of teachers, and the ethical risks of technology application, the main challenges currently faced are deeply analyzed. Finally, we establish a systematic governance framework: with human-machine collaboration as the core concept, uphold the principle of “human in the loop” and promote the research and development of education-specific large models; rely on product access mechanisms to prevent algorithmic bias and discrimination; with the data governance system as the guarantee, promote data standardization, data security protection, and intelligent tool campus access; with the goal of enhancing teachers’ digital literacy, improve the hierarchical and classified training system; supported with institutional norms, improve policies and regulations, ethical review, and dynamic monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.