摘要: 目的：分析2020~2025年广西隆安县在校学生超重、肥胖检出率变化趋势，了解西部少数民族县域儿童青少年超重与肥胖流行特征，为制定本土化防控策略提供科学依据。方法：收集2020~2025年隆安县小学、初中、普通高中及职业高中学生年度健康体检汇总资料，依据《学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查》(WS/T 586-2018)统计各年度超重、肥胖及二者合计检出情况。采用SPSS 26.0进行统计分析，计算各年度粗检出率，采用
χ2检验比较不同年份检出率差异，并采用线性趋势
χ2检验分析年度变化趋势，检验水准
α = 0.05。结果：2020~2025年累计纳入有效学生健康体检资料290,389人次。其中，2020年45,729人次，2021年47,278人次，2022年49,197人次，2023年49,841人次，2024年50,522人次，2025年47,822人次。超重检出率由2020年的4.23%升至2025年的6.89%，肥胖检出率由3.25%升至5.44%，超重肥胖总检出率由7.48%升至12.33%。不同年份学生超重检出率、肥胖检出率及超重肥胖总检出率差异均有统计学意义(均
P < 0.001)，且均呈明显上升趋势(均
P趋势 < 0.001)。2020~2023年超重肥胖总检出率维持在7.48%~8.00%，2024年升至10.57%，2025年进一步升至12.33%。结论：2020~2025年广西隆安县在校学生超重、肥胖及超重肥胖总检出率均呈上升趋势，2024~2025年增长尤为明显。应结合西部少数民族县域特点，构建政府、学校、家庭和社会协同参与的综合干预体系，重点加强学龄期儿童青少年营养、运动、睡眠和体重管理干预，遏制超重肥胖持续上升态势。
Abstract: Objective: This study analyzes the trends in overweight and obesity detection rates among students in Long’an County, Guangxi Province, from 2020 to 2025, aims to understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in ethnic minority counties in western China, and to provide a scientific basis for developing localized prevention and control strategies. Methods: Annual aggregated health examination data for students attending primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, and vocational high schools in Long’an County from 2020 to 2025 were collected. Based on the Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T 586-2018), the detection rates of overweight, obesity, and their combined prevalence were statistically analyzed for each year. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. The crude detection rate for each year was calculated, and the difference in detection rates between different years was compared using the chi-square test. A linear trend chi-square test was used to analyze the annual trend, with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: From 2020 to 2025, a total of 290,389 valid student health examination records were included. Specifically, 45,729 records were included in 2020, 47,278 in 2021, 49,197 in 2022, 49,841 in 2023, 50,522 in 2024, and 47,822 in 2025. The overweight detection rate increased from 4.23% in 2020 to 6.89% in 2025, the obesity detection rate increased from 3.25% to 5.44%, and the overall overweight and obesity detection rate increased from 7.48% to 12.33%. There were statistically significant differences in the overweight, obesity, and overall overweight and obesity detection rates among students in different years (all P < 0.001), and all showed a significant upward trend (all P trend < 0.001). The overall overweight and obesity detection rate remained between 7.48% and 8.00% from 2020 to 2023, rose to 10.57% in 2024, and further increased to 12.33% in 2025. Conclusion: From 2020 to 2025, the overweight, obesity, and overall overweight and obesity detection rates among students in Long’an County, Guangxi, all showed an upward trend, with a particularly significant increase in 2024~2025. We should take into account the characteristics of ethnic minority counties in western China and build a comprehensive intervention system involving the government, schools, families and society. We should focus on strengthening interventions in nutrition, exercise, sleep and weight management for school-age children and adolescents to curb the continued rise in overweight and obesity.