生物标志物在假体周围关节感染诊断中的研究进展

doi:10.12677/acm.2026.1693138

期刊菜单

生物标志物在假体周围关节感染诊断中的研究进展
Research Advances in Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1693138, PDF,
作者: 王江平, 周胜虎^*：西北民族大学医学部，甘肃兰州；中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院关节外科，甘肃兰州
关键词: 关节置换；假体周围感染；生物标志物；诊断；Joint Replacement； Periprosthetic Joint Infection； Biomarkers； Diagnosis

摘要: 假体周围关节感染(Periprosthetic Joint Infection, PJI)是人工关节置换术后常见且严重的并发症，准确的早期诊断对患者预后至关重要。传统的诊断方法，如细菌培养和影像学检查，存在一定的局限性，亟需寻找新的生物标志物以提高诊断的敏感性和特异性。近年来，研究者们在PJI的生物标志物研究方面取得了显著进展，包括血清D-二聚体、白细胞酯酶(leukocyte esterase, LE)、α-防御素、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)等。目前尚无单一的生物标志物能够替代传统的诊断方法，但将多种生物标志物联合应用，可能提高PJI的诊断准确性。未来的研究应致力于筛选和验证新的生物标志物。本文综述外周血生物标志物，关节滑液生物标志物，新兴生物标志物等的研究进展，以期为PJI的诊断提供更有效的工具。

Abstract: Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) is a common and severe complication following artificial joint replacement surgery, and accurate early diagnosis is crucial for patient prognosis. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as bacterial culture and imaging studies, have certain limitations, necessitating the exploration of novel biomarkers to improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in the study of biomarkers for PJI, including serum D-dimer, leukocyte esterase (LE), α-defensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and others. Currently, no single biomarker can replace traditional diagnostic methods, but the combined application of multiple biomarkers may enhance the diagnostic accuracy of PJI. Future research should focus on screening and validating new biomarkers. This article reviews research advancements in peripheral blood biomarkers, synovial fluid biomarkers, and emerging biomarkers, aiming to provide more effective tools for the diagnosis of PJI.

文章引用：王江平, 周胜虎. 生物标志物在假体周围关节感染诊断中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(9): 1063-1071. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1693138

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