基于人工智能视觉技术的机械制图教学改革与实践探索

Teaching Reform and Practical Exploration of Mechanical Drawing Based on Artificial Intelligence Vision Technology

摘要: 随着人工智能技术的不断发展，高等教育正加速向数字化、智能化方向转型。针对传统手绘工程图纸作业批改过程中存在的工作量大、反馈不及时、评价标准一致性不足以及学生学习过程难以量化等问题，本文引入机器视觉与图像处理技术，结合工程制图相关规范，构建了面向手绘工程图纸的作业评价与自动评分体系，并自主研发了工程图纸作业自动评分系统。该系统能够对学生提交的图纸进行图像识别、结构分析与评分反馈，提高批改效率和评价客观性。同时，结合线上平台、课堂教学和实践训练等多种教学方式，丰富教学手段，促进教学过程数据化与反馈精准化，形成了多种教学手段融合的新型工程制图教学模式。

Abstract: With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, higher education is accelerating its transformation toward digitalization and intelligence. To address problems in the assessment of hand-drawn engineering drawing assignments, such as heavy grading workload, delayed feedback, inconsistent evaluation standards, and difficulty in quantifying students’ learning processes, this study introduces machine vision and image processing technologies. Based on relevant engineering drawing standards, an automatic evaluation and scoring system for hand-drawn engineering drawings is constructed and independently developed. The system can perform image recognition, structural analysis, and scoring feedback on students’ submitted drawings, thereby improving grading efficiency and assessment objectivity. In addition, by integrating online platforms, classroom teaching, and practical training, diversified teaching methods are adopted to enhance instructional approaches, promote data-driven teaching and precise feedback, and establish a new engineering drawing teaching model that combines multiple teaching methods.