儿童功能性腹痛中医综合干预研究进展

Research Progress on Comprehensive Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention for Functional Abdominal Pain in Children

摘要: 儿童功能性腹痛(Functional abdominal pain, FAP)是儿科常见的功能性胃肠疾病，无器质性病变基础，以反复发作脐周、上腹部隐痛或胀痛为核心表现，病程缠绵、易反复，长期发作可严重干扰患儿身心健康与正常生长发育。现代医学常规采用解痉药物、益生菌调节、心理疏导等对症手段，但存在远期复发率高、长期用药安全性受限等问题。本文梳理近年相关文献，系统阐释本病中医病机、内外治法及作用机制，总结当前研究存在辨证标准不统一、高质量循证证据匮乏、外用制剂缺乏规范等短板，并提出后续研究方向，为儿童 FAP 标准化中医诊疗与临床试验设计提供循证参考。

Abstract: Functional abdominal pain (FAP) in children is a common functional gastrointestinal disease in pediatrics without organic lesions. It is characterized by recurrent dull or distending pain around the umbilicus and in the upper abdomen. The disease course is protracted and prone to recurrence. Long-term attacks can seriously interfere with the physical and mental health and normal growth and development of children. Modern medicine routinely uses symptomatic measures such as antispasmodic drugs, probiotic regulation, and psychological counseling. However, there are problems such as a high long-term recurrence rate and limited safety of long-term medication. This paper reviews relevant literature in recent years, systematically explains the pathogenesis, internal and external treatment methods, and action mechanisms of this disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), summarizes the current research shortcomings such as non-unified dialectical standards, lack of high-quality evidence-based evidence, and lack of standardization of external preparations, and proposes future research directions, providing evidence-based references for the standardized TCM diagnosis and treatment of pediatric FAP and the design of clinical trials.