数智时代师生具身交往的育人价值及其实践路径

The Educational Value and Practical Pathways of Embodied Interaction between Teachers and Students in the Digital-Intelligent Era

摘要: 数智技术深度融入教育后，师生线上交往呈现离身化、符号化特征，滋生认知浅表、主体异化、情感疏离、德育空洞等现实育人难题。本文以梅洛–庞蒂具身现象学为基础，从本体论、认识论、价值论三重维度界定师生具身交往的核心内涵，明确其以肉身共在为基础、知觉交融为过程、精神共生为目标的交往本质。文章从认知、主体、情感、伦理四个层面阐释具身交往的独特育人价值：推动深度学习生成、缓释算法带来的单一化约束、重建师生情感共振、实现沉浸式品格涵养。针对数字化交往困境，对应提出四条实践路径：依托多感官课堂与XR技术赋能深度学习、规范算法使用以激活师生自我觉知与自主发展潜能、搭建线下沟通场域弥合情感隔阂、打造身体示范式一体化德育体系，为调和数字技术与教育本真、构建高质量师生交往模式提供理论支撑与实践方案。

Abstract: With the deep integration of digital-intelligent technologies into education, online interactions between teachers and students have taken on disembodied and symbolic characteristics, giving rise to practical educational challenges such as superficial cognition, subject alienation, emotional detachment, and hollow moral education. Based on Merleau-Ponty’s embodied phenomenology, this paper defines the core connotation of embodied teacher-student interaction from three dimensions—ontology, epistemology, and axiology—clarifying its nature of interaction grounded in physical co-presence, proceeding through perceptual fusion, and oriented toward spiritual symbiosis. The article elucidates the unique educational value of embodied interaction at four levels: cognition, subjectivity, emotion, and ethics. Specifically, it facilitates the emergence of deep learning, and mitigates the homogenizing constraints imposed by algorithms, reconstructs emotional resonance between teachers and students, and realizes immersive character cultivation. In response to the dilemmas of digital interaction, this paper puts forward four practical pathways: leveraging multisensory classrooms and XR technology to empower deep learning; regulating the application of algorithms to activate teachers’ and students’ self‑awareness and autonomous‑development potential; constructing offline communication venues to bridge emotional gaps; and developing an integrated moral education system featuring bodily demonstration. These measures provide theoretical support and practical solutions for reconciling digital technology with the essence of education and constructing high-quality teacher-student interaction models.