探究我国数字社会中个人信息保护的困境与未来展望

Exploring the Challenges and Future Prospects of Personal Information Protection in China’s Digital Society

摘要: 在数字社会快速发展的背景下，我国个人信息保护面临严峻挑战。互联网APP、小程序的泛滥及生成式人工智能的兴起，使个人信息收集模式多元化(被动提供、主动提供、第三方共享)，但数据采集未经许可、销毁不彻底、APP过度获取权限等问题突出。生成式人工智能更打破信息分散状态，加速信息整合与滥用风险。个人信息的商业价值推动其在精准营销、风险评估等领域广泛应用，却也引发隐私泄露与公共秩序破坏。尽管我国《个人信息保护法》的实施标志着保护进入新阶段，但法律法规的细化不足与技术安全威胁(如黑客攻击、企业防护薄弱)仍构成主要困境。未来需从法律完善、技术升级等层面探索更有效的保护路径。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the rapid development of digital society, China faces severe challenges in protecting personal information. The proliferation of internet apps and mini-programs, along with the rise of generative artificial intelligence, has diversified methods of personal data collection—ranging from passive provision to active submission and third-party sharing. However, issues such as unauthorized data collection, incomplete data deletion, and excessive permission requests by apps remain prominent. Generative AI further breaks down the fragmentation of information, accelerating data integration and the risk of misuse. The commercial value of personal data drives its widespread use in areas like precision marketing and risk assessment, yet this also increases the risks of privacy breaches and disruption of public order. Although the implementation of China’s Personal Information Protection Law marks a new phase in protection efforts, insufficient legal detail and ongoing technological security threats—such as cyberattacks and weak corporate defenses—remain major obstacles. Moving forward, more effective protective measures must be explored through legal refinement and technological advancement.