老年人艺术疗愈参与意愿影响因素网络分析

Network Analysis of Art Therapy Participation Willingness in Older Adults

摘要: 本研究旨在探索老年人艺术疗愈参与意愿的心理社会网络结构。采用方便取样策略对福州市老年大学178名学员(年龄：64.63 ± 6.53岁)的艺术疗愈参与意愿、社交状态、述情障碍、心理韧性和孤独感进行测量。网络分析得到具有8个节点、21条非零边的网络。网络显示，描述情绪困难的中介中心性(z = 2.115)和紧密中心性(z = 1.698)最高。参与意愿的正向边中，心理韧性的权重最高(w = 0.164)，负向边中描述情绪困难权重最高(w = −0.143)、其次是情感孤独(w = −0.105)。社会孤独对于被试的参与意愿无显著关联(w = 0.000)。情感孤独与心理韧性之间存在正向连接(w = 0.259)。识别情绪困难、描述情绪困难和情感孤独显示相对高的节点权重。老年大学学员的艺术疗愈参与意愿与个体心理资源、情绪表达困难以及社交状况存在复杂的条件关联。心理韧性、描述情绪困难和情感孤独可能是影响参与意愿中值得关注的因素。上述发现为理解老年人艺术疗愈参与决策提供了网络视角的实证依据。

Abstract: To map the psychosocial network underlying older adults’ willingness to participate in art therapy, the present study conducted a questionnaire survey on 178 students (M_age = 64.63 ± 6.53) of Fuzhou University for the Elderly using a convenient sampling method. Social connectedness, alexithymia, psychological resilience, loneliness and willingness to participate in art therapy were measured. U Using network analysis, the final network comprised of 8 nodes, with 21 possible edges emerging as non-zero. Difficulty describing feelings occupied the most central position, registering the highest betweenness (z = 2.115) and closeness centrality (z = 1.698). Among edges directly incident to participation willingness, the strongest positive connection was psychological resilience (w = 0.164); the strongest negative connection was difficulty describing feelings (w = −0.143), followed by emotional loneliness (w = −0.105), followed by emotional loneliness (w = −0.105). Social loneliness bore no reliable association with participation willingness (w = 0.000). Emotional loneliness and psychological resilience shared a positive edge (w = 0.259). Difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings and emotional loneliness showed relatively high node strength. Willingness to participate in art therapy was conditionally associated with psychological resources, emotional expression and social status, multiple factors might be worth noticing. These findings provide a network-level account of older adults’ art therapy participation decisions and offer empirical leads for designing precision-targeted engagement strategies.