基于临床研究文献的数据挖掘分析中医药预防卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿术后复发的用药规律

Traditional Chinese Medicine for Preventing Postoperative Recurrence of Ovarian Endometriotic Cysts: A Data Mining Analysis of Clinical Studies

摘要: 目的：基于数据挖掘技术探究中医药预防卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿(ovarian endometriotic cyst, OEC)术后复发的临床用药规律，为临床优化防治方案提供依据。方法：检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data)、维普数据库(VIP)和中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)从建立数据库至2026年7月12日收录的中医药预防OEC术后复发相关临床研究文献。经筛选、处方提取和数据标准化后，采用古今医案云平台(V3.0)进行药物频次统计、四气五味、归经、功效、关联规则、聚类分析及复杂网络分析。结果：纳入合格文献59篇，涉及中药处方59首、中药127味，累计用药频次680次。高频药物依次为当归、赤芍、川芎、延胡索、莪术等；药性以温、平、微寒为主，药味集中于辛、甘、苦，归经主要涉及肝、脾、肾、心经。功效以调经止痛为主。关联规则分析获得20条满足设定条件的有向关联规则，聚类分析得到4类核心配伍模块，复杂网络分析显示当归、赤芍、川芎、莪术、丹参等为核心节点药物。结论：OEC术后复发相关处方以活血化瘀药为基础，并兼顾补肾益气、疏肝理气等治法，体现扶正祛邪、攻补兼施的组方特点。本研究结果可为临床处方优化及后续研究提供参考，但核心药物组合的复发预防作用仍需通过前瞻性临床研究进一步验证。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prescription patterns of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to prevent postoperative recurrence of ovarian endometriotic cyst (OEC) through data mining and to provide a reference for optimizing clinical prevention and treatment strategies. Methods: The CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and SinoMed databases were searched from inception to July 12, 2026, for clinical studies evaluating TCM, either alone or in combination with conventional Western medicine, for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of OEC. After study selection, prescription extraction, and data standardization, analyses of drug frequency, four qi, five flavors, meridian tropism, medicinal functions, association rules, cluster analysis, and complex networks were conducted using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform (V3.0). Results: Fifty-nine eligible studies were included, involving 59 TCM prescriptions containing 127 medicinal substances, with a total of 680 drug occurrences across all prescriptions. The most frequently used medicines were Angelicae sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Corydalis Rhizoma, and Curcumae Rhizoma. The medicinal properties were predominantly warm, neutral, and slightly cold, while the main flavors were pungent, sweet, and bitter. The main meridian tropisms were the liver, spleen, kidney, and heart meridians. The most frequently observed medicinal functions were menstrual regulation and pain relief. Association rule analysis identified 20 directed association rules that met the specified support and confidence thresholds. Cluster analysis yielded four core compatibility modules, and complex network analysis identified Angelicae sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Curcumae Rhizoma, and Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma as centrally positioned medicines in the co-occurrence network. Conclusion: TCM prescriptions used to prevent postoperative recurrence of OEC were primarily based on blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicines, with additional emphasis on tonifying the kidney and qi and soothing the liver while regulating qi. These findings reflect a balanced therapeutic strategy that combines tonification and elimination. The results may provide a reference for optimizing clinical prescriptions and informing subsequent research. However, the preventive effects of the identified core medicine combinations on postoperative recurrence require further validation in prospective clinical studies.