目的论视角下剑门古蜀道文化负载词英译研究

A Skopos-Theoretic Study of the English Translation of Culture-Loaded Words in Jianmen Ancient Shu Road Culture

摘要: 本文以德国功能派翻译理论中的“目的论”(Skopos Theory)为理论框架，研究了剑门古蜀道文化中特有的“文化负载词”的英译问题。文章首先将这些词汇根据其文化内涵分为地理、历史、文学和典故四类，然后通过具体案例分析了不同类型词汇在翻译过程中所采用的策略，如音译、意译、增译和解释性翻译等。研究发现，剑门古蜀道文化负载词的翻译并非简单的语言转换，而是一个受翻译目的、文本功能和目标读者需求驱动的文化调适过程。译者在翻译过程中，需在“保留源语文化特色”与“确保目标读者理解”之间寻求平衡。文章认为，目的论为地方文化遗产的外译策略选择提供了有效的理论解释。

Abstract: This paper takes Skopos Theory, a core concept of the German functionalist translation theory, as its theoretical framework to investigate the English translation of culture-loaded words specific to the Jianmen Ancient Shu Road culture. The study first categorizes these expressions into four types based on their cultural connotations: geographical, historical, literary, and allusion-based. Through detailed case analyses, it examines the translation strategies employed for different types of these expressions, including transliteration, free translation, amplification, and explanatory translation. The findings reveal that the translation of culture-loaded words in the context of the Jianmen Ancient Shu Road is not a mere linguistic conversion, but rather a process of cultural adaptation driven by translation purposes, textual functions, and target readers’ expectations. Translators are required to strike a balance between “preserving the distinctive features of the source culture” and “ensuring comprehension among the target audience.” The paper argues that Skopos Theory provides an effective theoretical framework for explaining the translation strategy choices in the external communication of local cultural heritage.