碳纤维增强树脂基3D打印机结构设计
Structural Design of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Resin Based 3D Printer
摘要: 针对短切碳纤维增强树脂基材料打印中喷嘴磨损、挤出阻力大、热稳定性和运动刚度要求高等问题，文章开展桌面级碳纤维增强树脂基3D打印机结构设计研究。通过比较普通移动热床式直角坐标结构、固定热床式CoreXY结构和高刚性轻量化笛卡尔结构，确定以高刚性轻量化笛卡尔结构作为整机方案；完成机架、三轴运动系统、热端挤出系统和热床系统设计，并对直线导轨、同步带、步进电机、0.6 mm硬化钢喷嘴及200 W热床进行选型与校核。结果表明，X轴所需转矩为0.0497 N∙m，Y轴单侧所需转矩为0.0414 N·m，均小于0.40 N·m步进电机额定保持力矩；X轴横梁最大挠度约为0.0492 mm，热床由25℃升至100℃的理论时间约为6.4 min。所设计方案能够满足短切碳纤维增强树脂基材料的基本打印需求。
Abstract: A desktop-level 3D printer for chopped carbon fiber reinforced resin-based materials was designed to address nozzle wear, high extrusion resistance, thermal stability, and structural stiffness requirements. Three schemes, including a moving-bed Cartesian structure, a fixed-bed CoreXY structure, and a high-rigidity lightweight Cartesian structure, were compared. The high-rigidity lightweight Cartesian structure was selected as the final scheme, and the frame, three-axis motion system, hot-end extrusion system, and heated-bed system were designed. Key parts such as linear guide rails, timing belts, stepper motors, a 0.6 mm hardened steel nozzle, and a 200 W heated bed were selected and checked. The required torque is 0.0497 N·m for the X axis and 0.0414 N·m for one side of the Y axis, both lower than the 0.40 N·m rated holding torque. The maximum deflection of the X-axis beam is about 0.0492 mm, and the theoretical heating time from 25˚C to 100˚C is about 6.4 min. The design can meet the basic printing requirements of chopped carbon fiber reinforced resin-based materials.
文章引用：梁睿豪, 黄仁凯. 碳纤维增强树脂基3D打印机结构设计[J]. 传感器技术与应用, 2026, 14(5): 820-827. https://doi.org/10.12677/jsta.2026.145079

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