数字能力与家庭金融脆弱性——基于CGSS 2013~2023年数据的实证分析

Digital Capability and Household Financial Vulnerability—An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS 2013~2023 Data

摘要: 为考察数字能力对家庭金融脆弱性的影响及其群体差异，本文基于CGSS 2013、2015、2017、2021和2023年多期截面数据，以互联网使用频率衡量数字能力，以家庭经济状况低于所在地平均水平刻画家庭金融脆弱性，采用Logit模型进行实证检验，并用Probit模型、替换变量和Ordered Logit模型进行稳健性检验。结果发现数字能力显著降低家庭金融脆弱性；在控制个体特征、家庭经济条件、城乡户籍、地区和年份因素后，结论仍然成立。异质性分析显示，数字能力对低收入、低教育和农村家庭的脆弱性缓解作用更明显。得出结论数字能力不仅是信息获取能力，也是影响家庭金融稳定的重要因素，应将数字能力提升与金融素养教育结合，以增强家庭风险应对能力。

Abstract: This study examines the impact of digital capability on household financial vulnerability and its differences across groups. Using repeated cross-sectional data from the Chinese General Social Sur-vey (CGSS) in 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021, and 2023, the study measures digital capability by the fre-quency of internet use and characterizes household financial vulnerability as household economic status below the local average. A Logit model is used for empirical analysis, and robustness checks are conducted using a Probit model, alternative variables, and an Ordered Logit model. The results show that digital capability significantly reduces household financial vulnerability, and this finding remains valid after controlling for individual characteristics, household economic conditions, ur-ban-rural household registration, region, and year factors. Heterogeneity analysis shows that digital capability has a more pronounced mitigating effect on vulnerability among low-income, low-education, and rural households. The study concludes that digital capability is not only a capac-ity for acquiring information but also an important factor affecting household financial stability. Ef-forts to improve digital capability should be combined with financial literacy education to strengthen households’ capacity to respond to risks.