虚拟仿真技术在海上采油平台应急逃生教学中的探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of Virtual Simulation Technology in Emergency Escape Teaching on Offshore Oil Production Platforms

摘要: 海洋油气工程专业的学生需要掌握海上采油平台应急逃生技能。这类技能在传统课堂中不容易教，也不容易练。学生去平台实训受到很多限制：场地有限、安全要求高、花费大、而且训练次数太少。所以这个项目属于高危、高难度的教学类型。本文介绍了海上采油平台应急安全逃生虚拟仿真实验项目的建设思路和教学设计。项目参照真实平台的结构来做三维场景。里面设置了完整的训练内容，包括怎么选逃生路线、怎么穿救生衣、怎么看三色灯、怎么翻T卡、怎么放救生艇和乘坐救生艇。学生可以在虚拟环境里反复操作，在安全的条件下熟悉整个流程，把操作规范练熟。系统会实时记录操作步骤并给出反馈，还把知识学习、技能训练和考核结合到一起了。虚拟仿真技术有助于缓解的是“到不了现场、做不了实操、犯不起错误”这些问题。这个项目对海洋油气工程专业的实践教学体系建设有一定的参考意义。

Abstract: Students majoring in offshore oil and gas engineering are required to master emergency evacuation skills for offshore oil production platforms. These skills are neither easy to teach nor easy to practice in traditional classroom settings. Students face numerous constraints when conducting practical training on actual platforms, including limited site availability, high safety requirements, substantial costs, and insufficient training frequency. Therefore, this project falls into the category of high-risk and high-difficulty teaching. This paper presents the development concept and instructional design of a virtual simulation experimental project for emergency safety evacuation on offshore oil production platforms. The project builds a 3D scene based on the structure of a real platform. It incorporates a comprehensive training curriculum, covering how to select evacuation routes, put on life jackets, interpret three-color indicator lights, flip T-cards, deploy lifeboats, and board lifeboats. Students can repeatedly perform operations in a virtual environment, becoming familiar with the entire process and mastering operational protocols under safe conditions. The system records operational steps in real time and provides feedback, while integrating knowledge learning, skill training, and assessment. Virtual simulation technology helps alleviate the problems of “inaccessibility to the site, impossibility of hands-on practice, and intolerability of mistakes.” This project offers certain reference value for the development of practical teaching systems in offshore oil and gas engineering majors.