核心素养导向下的高中数学几何与代数大单元教学研究——以平面向量为例

Research on High School Mathematics Geometry and Algebra Large Unit Teaching Guided by Core Competencies —Taking Plane Vectors as an Example

摘要: 《普通高中数学课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》将“几何与代数”作为高中数学课程内容的四条主线之一，是数学教学方法中几何代数化与代数几何化思想的重要体现，也承载着直观想象、数学运算、逻辑推理、数学抽象四大核心素养培育任务。当前高中几何与代数教学普遍存在课时碎片化、数形分离、素养目标虚设、评价体系单一等问题。本文以大单元整体教学为载体，立足“数形融合”观念，剖析几何与代数教学现实困境，构建“素养目标–内容重构–情境任务–多元评价”一体化大单元教学实施框架，结合平面向量单元开展教学实践案例分析，提出素养落地的课堂实施路径，为高中数学大单元整体教学改革提供实践参考。

Abstract: The “General High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition, Revised in 2020)” lists “Geometry and Algebra” as one of the four main threads in high school math courses. This reflects the important idea of algebraic thinking in geometry and geometric thinking in algebra in math teaching methods, and it also carries the core task of cultivating the four main competencies of intuitive imagination, mathematical operations, logical reasoning, and mathematical abstraction. Currently, high school geometry and algebra teaching generally faces issues such as fragmented class hours, separation of numbers and shapes, unrealistic competency goals, and a single evaluation system. This paper uses a large-unit holistic teaching approach, based on the concept of “integration of numbers and shapes”, analyzes the practical difficulties in geometry and algebra teaching, and constructs an integrated large-unit teaching implementation framework of “competency goals - content reconstruction - situational tasks - multiple evaluations”. It combines a teaching practice case analysis in the plane vectors unit and proposes classroom implementation paths to make competencies practical, providing a reference for the reform of overall large-unit teaching in high school mathematics.