基于弹性压紧机构的2000Y包装机内框纸定位裁切缺陷控制研究

Research on the Control of Inner Frame Paper Positioning and Cutting Defects of the 2000Y Packaging Machine Based on Elastic Clamping Mechanism

摘要: 针对2000Y型高速硬盒卷烟包装机在生产红塔山(细支传奇) 90 mm细支卷烟过程中，内框纸对中裁切偏移、翘边、露白等缺陷频发，导致整机废品率偏高、原辅材料损耗大、设备有效作业率偏低等工程实际问题，开展缺陷机理分析、关键要因辨识、控制机构设计与工业应用验证研究。通过对2025年1~3月生产现场数据统计、缺陷分类与溯源分析，确定内框纸对中裁切缺陷为主要质量症结，缺陷率达0.71%，占总废品量的51.8%。采用人、机、料、法、环、测六维度鱼骨图法全面解析潜在影响因素，经现场梯度试验、量化测试与统计分析，最终确定对中裁切工位压辊轮压紧力不足、内框纸高速输送过程抖动偏大是造成定位失准、裁切偏移的核心要因。据此设计一种适用于细支烟高速包装工况的新型内框纸弹性压紧弹片机构，选用38CrMoAl渗氮钢为结构材料以保证耐磨性与尺寸稳定性，通过双因素交互试验优化弹片形状与安装位置，确定最优结构组合。现场工业应用结果表明：加装弹性压紧机构后，内框纸对中裁切缺陷率由0.71%降至0.047%，下降幅度达93.4%；整机废品率由1.37%降至0.68%，下降幅度达50.4%；年节约原辅材料成本128.06万元。该改造方案无需改动主机结构、安装便捷、运行稳定可靠、无安全与质量风险，可在同类型2000Y包装机及90 mm、100 mm细支烟高速包装设备上推广应用。研究成果可为卷烟高速包装工序内框纸输送定位系统改进提供工程参考与技术支撑。

Abstract: Focusing on the 2000Y high-speed hard-pack cigarette packaging machine during the production of Hongta Mountain (Slim Legend) 90 mm slim cigarettes, defects such as misalignment, edge lifting, and white exposure of the inner frame paper occur frequently, resulting in high overall machine scrap rates, excessive loss of raw and auxiliary materials, and low effective equipment operation rates. This study conducts research on defect mechanism analysis, key factor identification, control mechanism design, and industrial application verification. Through statistical analysis, defect classification, and traceability study of on-site production data from January to March 2025, the inner frame paper alignment cutting defect was identified as the primary quality issue, with a defect rate of 0.71%, accounting for 51.8% of total scrap. Using a six-dimensional fishbone analysis method considering man, machine, material, method, environment, and measurement factors, combined with on-site gradient testing, quantitative measurement, and statistical analysis, it was ultimately determined that insufficient roller pressure at the alignment cutting workstation and excessive vibration of the inner frame paper during high-speed conveyance were the core causes of misalignment and cutting deviation. Accordingly, a new elastic clamping spring mechanism for the inner frame paper was designed for high-speed slim cigarette packaging conditions. 38CrMoAl nitrided steel was selected as the structural material to ensure wear resistance and dimensional stability, and the spring shape and installation position were optimized through two-factor interaction tests to determine the optimal structural combination. On-site industrial application results show that after installing the elastic clamping mechanism, the internal frame paper alignment cutting defect rate dropped from 0.71% to 0.047%, a reduction of 93.4%; the overall machine scrap rate decreased from 1.37% to 0.68%, a decrease of 50.4%; and the annual saving in raw and auxiliary material costs reached 1.2806 million yuan. This modification plan does not require changes to the main machine structure, is easy to install, operates stably and reliably, and poses no safety or quality risks. It can be promoted and applied to similar 2000Y packaging machines and high-speed packaging equipment for 90 mm and 100 mm slim cigarettes. The research results provide engineering reference and technical support for improving the inner frame paper conveyance and positioning system in high-speed cigarette packaging processes.