中西医结合治疗乳腺增生的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Hyperplasia of Mammary Gland

摘要: 乳腺增生是女性最常见的乳腺良性疾病，发病率高居乳房疾病之首，且有明显的年轻化趋势。西医认为其发病与内分泌激素失衡密切相关，治疗以激素调节药物和手术为主；中医将其归为“乳癖”范畴，病机以肝气郁结、痰瘀互结、冲任失调为核心。近年来，中西医结合治疗乳腺增生取得进展，在提升临床疗效、降低复发率、减少药物不良反应等方面具备可量化的优势。本文系统综述乳腺增生的中西医病因病机认识、诊断与治疗现状，重点分析中西医结合治疗的临床研究进展及分子机制研究，并对其未来发展进行展望，以期为临床实践和进一步研究提供参考。

Abstract: Hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) is the most common benign breast disease among women, with the highest incidence rate among breast diseases and a significant trend toward younger onset age. Western medicine attributes its pathogenesis primarily to endocrine hormone imbalance, with treatment mainly relying on hormone-regulating drugs and surgical intervention. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) categorizes it under the scope of “Rupi” (breast mass), with the core pathogenesis involving liver qi stagnation, phlegm-stasis intermingling, and Chong-Ren meridian disharmony. In recent years, integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine has achieved progress in the treatment of HMG, with measurable advantages in improving clinical efficacy, reducing recurrence rates, and minimizing adverse drug reactions. This article systematically reviews the understanding of etiology and pathogenesis, as well as the current status of diagnosis and treatment of HMG from both Western and TCM perspectives, with a focus on analyzing the clinical research progress and molecular mechanisms of integrated treatment approaches. Future development directions are also discussed, aiming to provide reference for clinical practice and further research.