城市外溢与乡村重构——超大城市近郊“三产”融合中的空间重构与生活张力

Urban Spillover and Rural Restructuring—Spatial Restructuring and Life Tensions in the Integration of “Three Industries” in Peri-Urban Areas of Mega-Cities

摘要: 在乡村振兴与城乡关系重构背景下，文、旅、农产业融合逐渐成为乡村发展的重要路径。相较于一般乡村，超大城市近郊乡村同时处于城市功能外溢与地方生活延续的交汇地带，其产业发展也深刻嵌入城市消费与空间重构过程。本文以上海市宝山区月浦镇为案例，综合运用实地调研、半结构式访谈等方法，考察“三产”融合如何改变近郊乡村空间，以及这种变化如何进入不同主体的日常生活。研究发现，月浦的产业融合是城市消费与资源外溢推动下的空间重构过程，原有生产、居住与文化空间逐渐兼具消费、休闲与展示功能。空间重构也使村民、经营者与游客以不同方式进入乡村发展，并产生对“发展”的差异化理解。由此，月浦呈现出乡村“景观化”与“生活化”并存的张力。本文认为，超大城市近郊乡村振兴不仅是产业升级，也是空间、利益与生活关系的重新组织，其关键在于如何在承接城市功能的同时保留乡村作为居民生活空间的主体性。本文据此尝试提炼“都市外溢型”近郊乡村振兴的空间特征及其内在张力，为理解超大城市城乡关系重构提供一个来自微观生活世界的经验案例。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of rural revitalization and the restructuring of urban-rural relations, the integration of culture, tourism, and agriculture has gradually become an important pathway for rural development. Unlike ordinary rural areas, peri-urban villages in mega-cities are situated at the convergence of urban functional spillover and the continuation of local life, and their industrial development is deeply embedded in the processes of urban consumption and spatial restructuring. Taking Yuepu Town in Baoshan District, Shanghai as a case study, this paper employs field research and semi-structured interviews to examine how industrial integration transforms peri-urban rural space and how these changes enter the everyday lives of different subjects. The study finds that Yuepu’s industrial integration is a process of spatial restructuring driven by urban consumption and resource spillover, in which the original production, residential, and cultural spaces gradually acquire consumption, leisure, and display functions. This spatial restructuring also enables villagers, operators, and tourists to enter rural development in different ways, generating differentiated understandings of “development.” Thus, Yuepu presents a tension between the “landscape-oriented” and “everyday-life-oriented” dimensions of the countryside. This paper argues that rural revitalization in peri-urban mega-cities is not merely industrial upgrading, but also a reorganization of space, interests, and life relations. The key lies in how to maintain the subjectivity of the countryside as a living space for residents while accommodating urban functions. Accordingly, this paper attempts to distill the spatial characteristics and inherent tensions of the “urban-spillover” type of peri-urban rural revitalization, offering an empirical case from the micro-world of everyday life for understanding the restructuring of urban-rural relations in mega-cities.