融雪盐冻融耦合环境下混凝土护栏劣化特性及柔性协同防护涂料的研究
Study on Deterioration Characteristics of Concrete Guardrails under Coupled Environment of Deicing Salt and Freeze-Thaw and Flexible Coordinated Protective Coatings
DOI: 10.12677/ojtt.2026.155052, PDF,   
作者: 张 展：安徽省交通控股集团有限公司宁宣杭高速公路管理中心，安徽 宣城；吴 磊：安徽交控工程集团有限公司，安徽 合肥；李玉龙, 余秋伯：重庆交通大学材料科学与工程学院，重庆
关键词: 混凝土护栏；劣化机制；防护涂料；氯离子侵蚀；冻融循环；耐久性；柔性协同；Concrete Guardrail； Deterioration Mechanism； Protective Coating； Chloride Ingress； Freeze-Thaw Cycle； Durability； Flexible Coordination
摘要: 混凝土护栏作为道路交通基础设施的重要安全构件，长期暴露于融雪盐、冻融循环、干湿交替、碳化、硫酸盐侵蚀和微生物腐蚀等复杂环境中，易发生开裂、剥落、钢筋锈蚀及承载性能下降等耐久性问题。本文围绕混凝土护栏劣化特性与柔性协同防护涂料研究现状进行综述，系统归纳氯离子侵蚀、碳化、硫酸盐侵蚀、碱–骨料反应、生物劣化、冻融循环、干湿循环和风化等主要劣化机制，总结成膜型、孔隙封闭型和渗透型防护涂料的研究进展及防护机理，并分析当前研究中涂层–基体柔性协调性不足、多因素耦合作用研究薄弱和工程长期验证不足等问题。研究表明，未来混凝土护栏防护材料应向高耐久、柔性协同、绿色环保方向发展。
Abstract: As critical safety components of road transportation infrastructure, concrete guardrails are continuously exposed to complex environments involving deicing salts, freeze-thaw cycles, wetting-drying alternation, carbonation, sulfate attack, and microbial corrosion. Consequently, they are prone to durability-related deterioration such as cracking, spalling, reinforcement corrosion, and degradation of load-bearing capacity. This paper reviews the deterioration characteristics of concrete guardrails and the current research status of protective coatings. The major deterioration mechanisms are systematically summarized, including chloride ingress, carbonation, sulfate attack, alkali-aggregate reaction, biodeterioration, freeze-thaw cycling, wetting-drying cycling, and weathering. Research progress and protection mechanisms of film-forming, pore-blocking, and penetrating protective coatings are also discussed. In addition, existing challenges are analyzed, including insufficient coating-substrate compatibility, limited understanding of multi-factor coupling effects, and inadequate long-term engineering validation. Studies indicate that protective materials for concrete guardrails in the future should evolve toward high durability, flexible coordination and eco-friendliness.
文章引用：张展, 吴磊, 李玉龙, 余秋伯. 融雪盐冻融耦合环境下混凝土护栏劣化特性及柔性协同防护涂料的研究[J]. 交通技术, 2026, 15(5): 603-613. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojtt.2026.155052

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