基于多尺度特性的玄武岩集料沥青路面抗滑表层研究进展
Research Progress on Anti-Skid Surface Course of Asphalt Pavement with Basalt Aggregates Based on Multi-Scale Characteristics
DOI: 10.12677/ojtt.2026.155054, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 毛诗伟, 罗新华, 谢 斌：赣州康大高速公路有限责任公司，江西 赣州；夏雨欣：湖南科技大学土木工程学院，湖南 湘潭
关键词: 道路工程；玄武岩集料；沥青路面；抗滑性能；衰减规律；多尺度研究；Road Engineering； Basalt Aggregates； Asphalt Pavement； Anti-Skid Performance； Deterioration Law； Multi-Scale Research
摘要: 路面抗滑性能是道路交通安全的核心保障。玄武岩集料因其高硬度、高耐磨性及稳定的微观结构，被全球道路工程界视为构筑高耐久性抗滑表层的首选骨料。本文从材料基因、细观形貌、宏观性能及界面行为等多尺度视角，系统综述了玄武岩集料的应用研究进展。通过对比玄武岩、花岗岩及石灰岩的关键路用性能，量化了玄武岩在磨光值等核心指标上的显著优势；阐述了基于“差异磨光”原理的玄武岩–石灰岩复合设计方法及其提升抗滑耐久性的细观机理；梳理了抗滑性能的多阶段衰变规律与现有预测模型的局限性；评述了分子动力学模拟、数字图像处理及数字孪生等前沿评价方法在揭示机理与优化设计中的应用；总结了工程实践现状，并展望了面向绿色低碳与智能运维的未来研究方向，以期为高安全、长寿命沥青路面抗滑表层的设计与养护提供系统的理论参考。
Abstract: Pavement anti-skid performance serves as a core guarantee for road traffic safety. Owing to its high hardness, excellent wear resistance and stable microstructures, basalt aggregate is recognized by the global road engineering community as the preferred aggregate for constructing highly durable anti-skid surface courses. From multi-scale perspectives, including material properties, mesoscopic morphology, macroscopic performance and interfacial behavior, this paper systematically reviews the research progress on the application of basalt aggregates. By comparing the key pavement performances of basalt, granite and limestone, the prominent advantages of basalt in core indicators such as polished stone value are quantified. The compound design method of basalt-limestone based on the “differential polishing” principle and its mesoscopic mechanism for improving anti-skid durability are elaborated. The multi-stage deterioration law of anti-skid performance and limitations of existing prediction models are summarized. The applications of advanced evaluation methods, including molecular dynamics simulation, digital image processing and digital twin in mechanism revelation and design optimization are discussed. Current engineering practices are summed up, and future research directions oriented toward low-carbon development and intelligent operation and maintenance are prospected. This work is expected to provide systematic theoretical references for the design and maintenance of anti-skid surface courses of high-safety and long-life asphalt pavements.
文章引用：毛诗伟, 罗新华, 谢斌, 夏雨欣. 基于多尺度特性的玄武岩集料沥青路面抗滑表层研究进展[J]. 交通技术, 2026, 15(5): 628-638. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojtt.2026.155054

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