风险工程管控下HSE管理体系在高校化学实验室管理中的应用探索

Exploration of the Application of HSE Management System in the Management of University Chemistry Laboratories under Risk Engineering Control

摘要: 高校化学实验室涉及有机合成、试剂存储、废液处理等高风险操作，人员流动性强、风险动态多变，传统事后式安全管理模式存在明显局限。HSE管理体系围绕健康、安全、环境实施一体化闭环管控，逐渐应用于高校化学实验室管理。然而，现有相关实证研究主要聚焦危化品管控与教学实验室体系建设，缺乏面向多主体协同、资源共享与数据联动的工程化管控视角。本文结合国内高校实践案例，引入共享型HSE闭环管控框架，厘清该领域研究进展与现实短板，区分文献结论与自主分析，充实实操细则。研究发现，本土化建设存在理论照搬、共享平台缺失、健康环境板块落实不足、评价机制不完善等问题，据此提出构建共享式风险数据库、共享型监测预警平台与多部门协同共享机制等优化路径，为实验室精细化安全管理提供参考。

Abstract: High risk operations such as organic synthesis, reagent storage, and waste liquid treatment are involved in university chemistry laboratories, with strong personnel mobility and dynamic risks. The traditional post event safety management model has obvious limitations. The HSE management system implements integrated closed-loop control around health, safety, and environment, gradually applied to the management of university chemistry laboratories. However, existing empirical research mainly focuses on the control of hazardous chemicals and the construction of teaching laboratory systems, lacking an engineering control perspective that is oriented towards multi-party collaboration, resource sharing, and data linkage. This article combines practical cases from domestic universities, introduces a shared HSE closed-loop control framework, clarifies the research progress and practical shortcomings in this field, distinguishes between literature conclusions and independent analysis, and enriches practical rules. Research has found that there are problems with localized construction, such as theoretical copying, lack of shared platforms, insufficient implementation of the health and environment sector, and imperfect evaluation mechanisms. Based on this, optimization paths such as building a shared risk database, a shared monitoring and early warning platform, and a multi departmental collaborative sharing mechanism are proposed to provide reference for refined safety management in laboratories.