学术论文引言中That小句使用与修辞语步关系——L1与L2对比研究

Exploring the Relationship between That-Clause Use and Rhetorical Moves in Research Article Introductions—A Comparative Study of L1 and L2 Writing

摘要: 本研究整合CARS模型、系统功能语言学理论及评价框架，探究本族语者(L1)与中国工科博士生(L2)学术引言中That小句与修辞语步的映射关系。研究发现，That小句调用受制于语步交际目的，在逻辑语义类型、过程类型及评价资源上呈现动态规律：各语步均以物质与关系过程为主；详述在三个语步中均占较高比例，投射资源的配置及组间差异随语步变化，语步三中L1的思想和言语投射显著多于L2；评价资源从对外转述逐步转为对内主观宣告。两组作者在过程类型上趋同，但L1更倾向嵌入式结构实现短语压缩，L2则依赖小句复合体线性铺陈；L1显性凸显作者主体，L2则呈现“去人格化”倾向。研究深化了学术语篇形式–功能映射认知，可为EAP教学提供实证启示。

Abstract: Integrating the CARS model, Systemic Functional Linguistics, and Hyland’s evaluation framework, this study investigates the mapping relationship between the use of that-clauses and rhetorical moves in research article introductions, comparing Chinese engineering doctoral students (L2) against native scholarly writers (L1). The findings reveal that the deployment of that-clauses is governed by the communicative purposes of individual rhetorical moves, and demonstrates dynamic patterns in their logico-semantic types, process types, and evaluative resources. Specifically, material and relational processes prevail across all moves. Elaboration remains highly frequent across the three moves, while the distribution of projection resources and between-group differences varies by rhetorical purpose; in Move 3, L1 writers use idea and locution projection significantly more often than L2 writers. Meanwhile, evaluative resources transition from external reporting to internal subjective assertion. While the two groups show convergence in process types, L1 writers prefer embedded structures for phrasal compression, whereas L2 writers adopt linear elaboration through clause complexes. Furthermore, L1 writers explicitly foreground authorial stance, while L2 writers display a significant “depersonalization” tendency. This study advances the understanding of form-function mapping in academic discourse and offers empirical implications for EAP (English for Academic Purposes) instruction.