人工智能赋能大学生思想政治教育的挑战与对策

Challenges and Countermeasures in Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Ideological and Political Education for College Students

摘要: 人工智能正快速进入高校思想政治教育领域。智慧课堂、学生画像、AI助教等技术在提升教育效率的同时，也带来了新的问题：算法推送可能窄化学生的价值视野，人机交互正在稀释师生之间的情感纽带，学生对AI的依赖正在弱化独立思考能力。这些现象的背后，是人工智能所遵循的技术逻辑与思想政治教育所坚守的育人逻辑之间的错位。本文从交往行动理论、规训理论与思想政治教育的内化–外化规律出发，系统分析了这种错位的表现、根源与应对思路。研究认为，走出困境的关键不是拒绝技术或盲从技术，而是清醒地认识技术的边界，在制度设计、能力建设、关系重构等方面系统发力，让技术真正服务于育人。

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly penetrating the field of ideological and political education in higher education institutions. Technologies such as smart classrooms, student profiling, and AI teaching assistants have enhanced educational efficiency, yet they have also introduced new challenges: algorithmic recommendation may narrow students’ value horizons, human-computer interaction is diluting the affective bonds between teachers and students, and students’ reliance on AI is weakening their capacity for independent thinking. Underlying these phenomena is a fundamental misalignment between the technological logic that governs AI and the educational logic that underpins ideological and political education. Drawing upon the theory of communicative action, the theory of discipline, and the internalization-externalization framework of ideological and political education, this study systematically analyzes the manifestations, root causes, and potential responses to this misalignment. The findings suggest that the key to overcoming this predicament lies neither in outright rejection of nor blind submission to technology, but rather in a clear-eyed recognition of its boundaries, coupled with systematic efforts in institutional design, capacity building, and relational reconstruction, so that technology genuinely serves the goal of student development.