新工科背景下“AI + 增材制造”课程进阶式教学探索与实践

Exploration and Practice of a Progressive “AI + Additive Manufacturing” Teaching Model in the Context of Emerging Engineering Education

摘要: 随着智能制造的快速发展与“制造强国”战略的深入推进，现代制造业对增材制造复合型人才提出了更高要求。针对《增材制造技术》课程中知识更新滞后、传统减材思维固化及理论与工程实践脱节等问题，本文立足“新工科”理念，将成果导向教育、项目式学习和翻转课堂等方法与课程特点相结合，构建以“人工智能(AI)赋能 + 面向增材制造设计(DfAM)思维重塑”为主线的进阶式教学模式。通过重构AI与DfAM融合的教学内容、建设区域产业工程案例库，并构建过程性与多元化相结合的评价机制，将AI工具融入方案设计、参数分析、缺陷图像分析与迭代优化等教学任务。课程实践显示，该模式具有较好的可实施性，有助于促进多学科知识融合及数字化工具在复杂工程问题中的应用。研究体现了成熟教学方法在增材制造课程中的系统集成与情境化应用，可为先进制造类课程教学改革提供参考。

Abstract: With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing and the continued advancement of China’s strategy of building a manufacturing powerhouse, modern manufacturing has placed higher demands on interdisciplinary professionals in additive manufacturing. To address problems in the Additive Manufacturing Technology course, including delayed knowledge updates, entrenched subtractive-manufacturing mindsets, and the disconnect between theoretical instruction and engineering practice, this study, guided by the principles of Emerging Engineering Education, integrates established pedagogical approaches such as outcome-based education, project-based learning, and flipped learning with the characteristics of additive manufacturing education, and develops a progressive teaching model centered on “Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled learning and Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM)-oriented mindset transformation”. The reform restructures teaching content by integrating AI with DfAM, develops an engineering case library based on regional industries, and improves the process-oriented and diversified assessment system. AI tools are incorporated into teaching tasks such as design, process-parameter analysis, defect-image analysis, and design optimization. Teaching practice shows that this model facilitates interdisciplinary knowledge integration and enhances students’ ability to use digital tools to analyze and solve complex engineering problems. The study demonstrates the systematic integration and contextualized application of established teaching methods in additive manufacturing education and provides a useful reference for teaching reform in advanced manufacturing courses.