C3a/C3aR系统在多种疾病中的病理生理作用及靶向干预研究进展
Research Advances on the Pathophysiological Functions and Targeted Therapeutic Interventions of the C3a/C3aR System in Diverse Diseases
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1693227, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 范慧凯, 欧锐华, 张建群, 刘锦雨, 武 菲*:济宁医学院临床医学院,山东 济宁;熊 斌:济宁医学院附属医院乳腺外科,山东 济宁;段若涵:济宁医学院护理学院,山东 济宁
关键词: C3a;C3aR;补体系统;神经炎症;肾脏疾病;代谢综合征;肿瘤微环境;C3a; C3aR; Complement System; Neuroinflammation; Kidney Disease; Metabolic Syndrome; Tumor Microenvironment
摘要: 补体系统作为先天免疫的核心组分,在宿主防御与组织稳态维持中发挥不可替代的作用。C3a是补体级联反应的关键裂解产物,通过与其G蛋白偶联受体C3aR结合,介导多种生物学效应。近年来,C3a/C3aR系统的功能已超越传统的促炎与趋化作用,逐步被认定为连接免疫调节、代谢稳态、组织重塑及肿瘤微环境调控的多功能网络节点。本文从C3a/C3aR系统的分子基础与信号转导机制入手,系统梳理其在神经退行性疾病、肾脏疾病、代谢性疾病、心血管疾病、感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病及肿瘤中的病理生理作用,并探讨靶向C3aR的干预策略与临床转化前景。
Abstract: The complement system constitutes a critical arm of innate immunity, playing an indispensable role in host defense and tissue homeostasis. C3a, a key cleavage product of complement cascade activation, mediates diverse biological effects primarily through engagement with the G protein-coupled receptor C3aR. In recent years, the functional repertoire of the C3a/C3aR signaling axis has expanded considerably beyond classical pro-inflammatory and chemotactic activities, emerging as a multifunctional regulatory hub interconnecting immune modulation, metabolic homeostasis, tissue remodeling, and tumor microenvironment regulation. This review systematically examines the molecular basis and signal transduction mechanisms of the C3a/C3aR system, followed by a comprehensive overview of its pathophysiological roles in neurodegenerative diseases, kidney diseases, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer, and further discusses therapeutic strategies targeting C3aR and their prospects for clinical translation.
文章引用:范慧凯, 熊斌, 欧锐华, 张建群, 刘锦雨, 段若涵, 武菲. C3a/C3aR系统在多种疾病中的病理生理作用及靶向干预研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(9): 1844-1857. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1693227

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