衰老口腔黏膜溃疡修复水凝胶的研究进展
Research Progress on Hydrogels for Repairing Aging Oral Mucosal Ulcers
摘要: 衰老口腔黏膜因上皮干细胞耗竭、慢性炎症(炎性衰老)、微血管减少及唾液分泌下降，导致溃疡愈合延迟、感染风险增加，亟须开发兼具良好黏附性、抗炎活性与促再生功能的新型修复材料。近年来，水凝胶类生物材料在口腔黏膜修复领域展现出广阔的应用前景，材料体系持续更新发展，负载成分更加多样化、科学化，都为老年口腔溃疡修复中愈合延迟、易感染和炎症迁延三大核心挑战提出了不同的解决方案。本文旨在对衰老口腔黏膜溃疡修复水凝胶的研究进展进行综述，梳理复合水凝胶负载体系和负载成分的发展进程，总结水凝胶的研究进展，为衰老口腔黏膜溃疡修复提供理论参考，为服务患者治疗提供技术支撑。
Abstract: Exhaustion of epithelial stem cells, chronic inflammation (inflammatory aging), decreased microvessels and decreased saliva secretion lead to delayed ulcer healing and increased risk of infection. It is urgent to develop new repair materials with good adhesion, anti-inflammatory activity and regeneration-promoting function. In recent years, hydrogel biomaterials have shown broad application prospects in the field of oral mucosal repair. The material system has been continuously updated and developed, and the loading components have become more diversified and scientific, which have put forward different solutions for the three core challenges of oral ulcer repair in the elderly, such as delayed healing, easy infection and prolonged inflammation. The purpose of this paper is to review the research progress of hydrogel for repairing aging oral mucosal ulcer, sort out the development process of composite hydrogel loading system and loading components, and summarize the research progress of hydrogel, so as to provide theoretical reference for repairing aging oral mucosal ulcer and technical support for serving patients.
文章引用：聂佳宁, 马浩宇, 宁相益, 张路悦, 苗灵恩, 冯丽芳. 衰老口腔黏膜溃疡修复水凝胶的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(9): 1967-1977. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1693240

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