三黄水外敷在药物外渗中的临床应用

Clinical Application of Sanhuangshui External Application in Drug Extravasation

摘要: 目的：探讨三黄水外敷治疗静脉输液所致药物外渗的临床效果。方法：选取2018年10月至2022年6月我院发生药物外渗的68例患者作为研究对象，将其随机分为治疗组(三黄水外敷组)和对照组(常规冷敷贴组)，每组各34例。采用随机数字表法产生分配序列，并通过密封不透光信封实施分配隐藏。治疗组患者发生药物外渗后给予三黄水涂擦联合湿敷处理；对照组给予常规医用冷敷贴外敷。采用WHO疼痛分级标准评估两组患者的疼痛缓解程度，并比较其外渗部位的组织恢复情况。结果：治疗后，治疗组患者疼痛分级显著优于对照组，且外渗部位红肿、硬结消退时间明显短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。两组均未观察到不良事件。结论：三黄水外敷治疗静脉输液药物外渗初步显示效果显著，能有效缓解疼痛、促进消肿，且制作简便、成本低廉，具有一定的临床推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sanhuangshui (three-yellow decoction) external application in the treatment of drug extravasation induced by intravenous infusion. Methods: A total of 68 patients with drug extravasation in our hospital from October 2018 to June 2022 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a treatment group (Sanhuangshui external application group) and a control group (conventional cold compress patch group), with 34 cases in each group. The random allocation sequence was generated by a random number table, and allocation concealment was achieved using sealed opaque envelopes. Patients in the treatment group received Sanhuangshui smear combined with wet compress after drug extravasation, while patients in the control group received conventional medical cold compress patch external application. The degree of pain relief in the two groups was assessed using the WHO pain grading criteria, and the tissue recovery at the extravasation site was compared between the groups. Results: After treatment, the pain grade of patients in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group, and the resolution time of redness, swelling and induration at the extravasation site was significantly shorter than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). No severe adverse events were observed in either group. Conclusion: Sanhuangshui external application initially demonstrates a significant effect in the treatment of drug extravasation caused by intravenous infusion, can effectively relieve pain and promote detumescence, and is simple to prepare and low in cost, holding certain value for clinical promotion.