大学生手机成瘾各维度与认知灵活性的关系

Relationship between Dimensions of Mobile Phone Addiction and Cognitive Flexibility among College Students

摘要: 目的：探讨大学生手机成瘾总分及其各维度与认知灵活性的关联。方法：本研究为横断面调查研究。于2025年9月至2026年2月采用便利抽样法调查在校大学生，经数据质量核查后纳入575份有效问卷。采用一般资料调查表、认知灵活性量表和手机成瘾指数量表进行调查。运用Welch t检验、Welch方差分析、Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果：大学生认知灵活性得分为(47.71 ± 6.40)分，手机成瘾总分为(48.18 ± 11.40)分。手机成瘾总分及其4个维度均与认知灵活性呈负相关(r = −0.108~−0.306，均P < 0.01)。控制一般资料后，手机成瘾总分仍与认知灵活性呈负向关联(β = −0.228, P < 0.001)，额外解释5.0%的变异。在同时纳入4个维度的模型中，仅失控性与认知灵活性的负向关联达到统计学显著水平(β = −0.329, P < 0.001)；维度模型较总分模型的R²增加0.035 (ΔF = 7.680, P < 0.001)。结论：大学生手机成瘾与认知灵活性之间存在负向关联，但效应量总体有限；失控性可能是与认知灵活性关系较为密切的维度。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the associations of the total score and dimensions of mobile phone addiction with cognitive flexibility among university students. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional survey study. University students were recruited using convenience sampling from September 2025 to February 2026. After data quality screening, 575 valid questionnaires were included. The General Information Questionnaire, Cognitive Flexibility Scale, and Mobile Phone Addiction Index were used for data collection. Welch’s t-test, Welch’s analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. Results: The mean scores for cognitive flexibility and mobile phone addiction were 47.71 ± 6.40 and 48.18 ± 11.40, respectively. The total score and all four dimensions of mobile phone addiction were negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility (r = −0.108 to −0.306, all P < 0.01). After adjustment for general characteristics, the total score of mobile phone addiction remained negatively associated with cognitive flexibility (β = −0.228, P < 0.001), accounting for an additional 5.0% of the variance. When the four dimensions were simultaneously entered into the model, only loss of control showed a statistically significant negative association with cognitive flexibility (β = −0.329, P < 0.001). Compared with the total-score model, the dimension-based model yielded an increase of 0.035 in R² (ΔF = 7.680, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Mobile phone addiction is negatively associated with cognitive flexibility among university students, although the overall effect size is limited. Loss of control may be the dimension most closely associated with cognitive flexibility.