马克思主义两种生产理论视域下我国人口老龄化问题研究

Research on China’s Population Aging from the Perspective of Marxist Theory of Two Kinds of Production

摘要: 人口老龄化是我国基本国情，也是制约经济社会高质量发展的突出结构性矛盾。马克思主义两种生产理论与人的全面发展理论，为科学解读人口老龄化机理、破解老龄治理难题提供唯物史观支撑。本文采用文献研究与逻辑分析方法，厘清两大理论内涵与内在关联，结合我国老龄化现实特征，从双重生产失衡、人的发展异化视角剖析老龄化成因，辩证阐释其正负双重社会效应。立足理论与国情，构建适配我国实际的老龄化治理路径，以期丰富马克思主义人口理论中国化成果，为新时代老龄工作提供理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: Population aging is a basic national condition and a major structural constraint on China’s high-quality socioeconomic development. The Marxist Theory of Two Kinds of Production and the Theory of Human All-Round Development scientifically interpret population evolution from the perspective of historical materialism and provide a theoretical foundation for aging research. Based on literature research and logical analysis, this paper sorts out the connotation and internal correlation of the two theories. It explores the causes of population aging from the imbalance between material production and population reproduction and explains derivative social problems from human development alienation. This paper dialectically analyzes the dual influence of aging on social development and explores underlying contradictions. Combined with national conditions, targeted countermeasures are proposed to coordinate dual production, improve elderly care systems, activate elderly social value and optimize population structure. The research enriches the sinicization of Marxist population theory and provides theoretical and practical references for national aging governance.