农村老龄人口养老服务探析——基于马克思的需要理论

Analysis on Elderly Care Services for Rural Aging Population —From the Perspective of Marx’s Theory of Needs

摘要: 随着我国老龄化程度加深，农村养老服务的供需矛盾日益凸显，老年人对安稳、有品质的晚年生活的期待，与当前服务供给的现实短板形成了明显落差。基于马克思的需要理论这一视域，本文结合农村养老服务的现实状况与深层困境，提出从物质保障、社会参与、精神关怀三个层面协同发力，通过筑牢基础物质、完善社会支持、丰富精神生活，探讨了优化农村养老服务的实践路径，力求让养老服务更贴合农村实际，回应老年人的真实需求。

Abstract: With the deepening aging of the population in China, the imbalance between the supply and demand of rural elderly care services has become increasingly pronounced. There is a significant gap between the elderly’s desire for a stable and high-quality later life and the current shortcomings in service provision. Drawing on Marx’s theory of needs, this paper analyzes the present situation and the profound challenges facing rural elderly care services. It advocates for coordinated efforts across three dimensions: material security, social participation, and spiritual care. By strengthening material foundations, enhancing social support, and enriching spiritual life, the study explores practical strategies to optimize rural elderly care services, enabling them to better align with rural realities and effectively meet the genuine needs of senior citizens.