技术植入与主体消解：数字时代养老服务中的人技关系与反思

Technological Implantation and Subject Dissolution: Human-Technology Relations and Reflections in Elderly Care Services in the Digital Age

摘要: 数字技术的深度介入正在重塑养老服务的实践形态与人际格局。本文以人机传播与技术社会形塑(SST)理论为分析框架，通过资阳市“数智康养”、太仓市“数智工单”、宿迁市“e养通”及Z市虚拟养老院等多个案例，考察数字技术嵌入养老服务的过程与效应。研究发现，技术植入虽在效率维度上实现了对传统养老模式的“赋能”，却在关系维度上催生了老年主体消解的风险。然而，这种消解并非技术单向作用的结果，而是技术逻辑与社会结构相互建构的产物。本文主张，智慧养老的出路应倡导人本主义与价值共创，推动从“技术适配”到“价值共创”的转变，并借鉴国内外参与式设计经验，提出老年用户深度参与、制度激励相容、行业标准引领等具体路径，使技术真正服务于老年人的主体性。

Abstract: The deep integration of digital technologies is reshaping the practical forms and interpersonal dynamics of elderly care services. Using Human-Machine Communication (HMC) and the Social Shaping of Technology (SST) theory as an analytical framework, this study examines the process and effects of digital technology embedding in elderly care through multiple case studies, including the “Digital Smart Health and Elderly Care” in Ziyang City, the “Digital Smart Work Order” system in Taicang City, the “e-Yangtong” platform in Suqian City, and the virtual nursing home in City Z. The research finds that although technological implantation achieves “empowerment” of traditional care models in terms of efficiency, it also generates risks of elderly subject dissolution in relational dimensions. However, this dissolution is not a one-way result of technology but a product of the co-construction of technological logic and social structures. This paper argues that the way forward for smart elderly care lies in advocating humanism and value co-creation, promoting a shift from “technological adaptation” to “value co-creation”, drawing on domestic and international participatory design practices to propose specific pathways involving in-depth user participation, institutional incentives, and industry standards.