乡村振兴背景下农村老年人身心健康问题及优化路径研究

Research on the Physical and Mental Health Issues of Rural Elderly People and Optimization Paths under the Background of Rural Revitalization

摘要: 本文在乡村振兴与农村人口老龄化双重背景下，探讨了中国农村老年人的身心健康问题。文章首先以马克思主义社会学为理论基础，运用“人的全面发展”“城乡不平衡发展”和“社会再生产”等理论构建分析框架，剖析中国农村老年人在身心健康等方面面临的现实困境。再次，文章从“城乡二元结构”、“乡土共同体消解”、“照护劳动贬值”和“制度供给滞后”四个方面深入剖析了问题的深层原因。最后，为改善此状况，文章从“优化医疗资源”、“搭建心理服务体系”、“重塑乡土互助共同体”和“健全制度保障”四个维度提出了具体的优化路径，旨在推动城乡健康服务均等化，助力乡村老龄事业发展。

Abstract: In the context of both rural revitalization and rural population aging, this article explores the physical and mental health issues of the elderly in rural areas of China. Firstly, based on Marxist sociology as the theoretical foundation, the article uses theories such as “all-round human development”, “uneven urban-rural development” and “social reproduction” to construct an analytical framework, and analyzes the actual difficulties faced by the elderly in rural areas in terms of physical and mental health. Secondly, the article delves into the deep reasons of the problem from four aspects: “urban-rural dual structure”, “disintegration of the rural community”, “devaluation of care labor”, and “lagging institutional supply”. Finally, to improve this situation, the article proposes specific optimization paths from four dimensions: “optimizing medical resources”, “building a psychological service system”, “reconstructing the rural mutual assistance community”, and “improving institutional guarantees”, aiming to promote the equalization of urban and rural health services and facilitate the development of rural elderly care.