数据要素共享对企业出口韧性的影响——基于公共数据平台开放准自然实验

The Impact of Data Factor Sharing on Enterprise Export Resilience—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment of Public Data Platform Opening

摘要: 在外部复杂的国际环境之下，提升制造业企业出口韧性是我国推进贸易强国建设的重要关键。本文以各地政府陆续上线公共数据开放平台作为准自然实验，以2008年金融危机为外部冲击，选取沪深A股制造业上市公司样本数据，采用多期双重差分法系统考察公共数据开放对企业出口韧性的影响效应、作用机制及异质性特征。研究发现：公共数据开放能够显著提升制造业企业的出口韧性水平，该结论在经过平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验等稳健性检验后依然成立。机制检验表明，公共数据开放通过缓解企业融资约束这一渠道增强出口韧性。异质性分析表明，公共数据开放对出口韧性的提升效应在小规模企业和东部地区企业中更为显著。

Abstract: In the complex international environment, how to enhance the export resilience of manufacturing enterprises has become a critical issue. Taking the successive launch of public data open platforms by local governments as a quasi-natural experiment and the 2008 global financial crisis as an external shock, this paper uses a multi-period DID model to systematically examine the impact of public data openness on the export resilience of listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets. The findings indicate that public data openness significantly enhances the export resilience of manufacturing enterprises, and this conclusion remains robust after tests. The mechanism analysis reveals that public data openness strengthens export resilience by alleviating firms’ financing constraints. Heterogeneity analysis further shows that the positive effect is more pronounced among small-scale enterprises and firms located in eastern China.