坐骨神经痛相关生物标志物的应用价值及针刺治疗研究进展

doi:10.12677/tcm.2026.159508

期刊菜单

坐骨神经痛相关生物标志物的应用价值及针刺治疗研究进展
Application Value of Biomarkers Related to Sciatica and Research Progress in Acupuncture Treatment

DOI: 10.12677/tcm.2026.159508, PDF,
作者: 张雪涛：黑龙江中医药大学研究生院，黑龙江哈尔滨；于国强^*：黑龙江中医药大学研究生院，黑龙江哈尔滨；黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院针灸七科，黑龙江哈尔滨
关键词: 坐骨神经痛；生物标志物；针刺；电针；炎症因子；Sciatica； Biomarker； Acupuncture； Electroacupuncture； Inflammatory Factor

摘要: 目的：系统梳理坐骨神经痛相关生物标志物研究现状，总结针刺治疗坐骨神经痛的临床应用与作用机制，为临床精准诊疗与科研提供参考。方法：检索近年来国内外相关文献，从生物标志物分类、针刺干预方式、镇痛机制及临床疗效等方面进行归纳、分析与评述。结果：坐骨神经痛相关生物标志物主要包括炎症因子、神经化学物质、免疫细胞、神经损伤修复标志物及影像学生物标志物，可客观反映神经损伤、炎症水平与疼痛程度。针刺、电针及多种特色针法可通过调控炎症因子、抑制胶质细胞活化、调节内源性镇痛物质、促进神经修复等途径发挥镇痛作用，临床疗效确切、安全性高。结论：生物标志物可为坐骨神经痛精准诊断、疗效评价提供客观指标；针刺治疗优势显著，值得推广。未来应加强针刺机制阐释与方案标准化，开展高质量多中心研究。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically summarize the research status of biomarkers related to sciatica, and review the clinical application and analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of sciatica, so as to provide references for precise clinical diagnosis and treatment and scientific research. Methods: Domestic and foreign literature in recent years was retrieved, and inductive analysis and commentary were carried out from the aspects of classification of biomarkers, intervention methods of acupuncture, analgesic mechanisms, and clinical efficacy. Results: Biomarkers related to sciatica mainly include inflammatory factors, neurochemical substances, immune cells, nerve injury and repair markers, as well as imaging biomarkers, which can objectively reflect nerve injury, inflammation level, and pain degree. Acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and various special acupuncture techniques exert analgesic effects by regulating inflammatory factors, inhibiting glial activation, modulating endogenous analgesic substances, and promoting nerve repair, with definite clinical efficacy and high safety. Conclusion: Biomarkers can provide objective indicators for accurate diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of sciatica. Acupuncture therapy has significant advantages and is worthy of clinical promotion. Future research should strengthen the explanation of acupuncture mechanisms, standardize acupuncture schemes, and carry out high‑quality multi‑center clinical studies.

文章引用：张雪涛, 于国强. 坐骨神经痛相关生物标志物的应用价值及针刺治疗研究进展[J]. 中医学, 2026, 15(9): 253-262. https://doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2026.159508

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