社会语言学视角下的网络流行语与青年身份建构研究

Internet Buzzwords and Youth Identity Construction from a Sociolinguistic Perspective

摘要: 本文从社会语言学视角梳理网络流行语与青年身份建构研究，重点考察语言变异、语言态度、群体认同及数字媒介情境之间的关联。既有研究表明，网络流行语并非孤立的词汇创新，而是青年在平台互动中表达情绪、协商关系、识别圈层并建构自我位置的符号资源。当前研究已形成语言学、传播学、社会学等多学科交叉格局，但仍存在概念边界不够清晰、社会语言学理论整合不足、样本与平台覆盖有限、量化分析与情境解释相互脱节以及青年主体经验呈现不足等问题。针对这些不足，本文提出在拓宽数据来源的基础上建立“计算分析–质性解释–社会语言学验证”的混合研究路径：利用主题建模识别大规模语料中的议题结构与语义聚类，借助情感分析描写流行语在不同事件、平台与群体中的情绪倾向及其变化，再通过网络民族志进入具体网络社群，结合话语分析解释流行语在互动位置、身份指示、群体边界与意义协商中的作用。该路径可在宏观模式识别与微观语境阐释之间建立联系，从而更全面地理解网络流行语的社会意义及青年身份建构机制。

Abstract: This paper reviews research on Internet buzzwords and youth identity construction from a sociolinguistic perspective, focusing on the connections among language variation, language attitudes, group identity, and digital-media contexts. Existing studies suggest that Internet buzzwords are not merely lexical innovations; they also function as symbolic resources through which young people express affect, negotiate relationships, recognize social circles, and position themselves in platform-based interaction. Despite increasing interdisciplinary attention, current research still faces several limitations, including blurred conceptual boundaries, insufficient integration of sociolinguistic theory, restricted platform and sample coverage, a separation between quantitative patterns and contextual interpretation, and limited representation of youth agency. To address these issues, the paper proposes a mixed-method framework of “computational analysis-qualitative interpretation-sociolinguistic validation.” Topic modeling can identify thematic structures and semantic clusters in large-scale corpora; sentiment analysis can trace affective tendencies across events, platforms, and groups; netnography can situate linguistic practices within online communities; and discourse analysis can explain how buzzwords index identities, negotiate meanings, and construct group boundaries. Combining macro-level pattern detection with micro-level contextual interpretation can provide a more comprehensive account of the social meanings of Internet buzzwords and the mechanisms of youth identity construction.