分层育人视域下铁路职教本科学生精细化管理体系构建与实践

Construction and Practice of Refined Management System for Undergraduate Students of Railway Vocational Education from the Perspective of Hierarchical Education

摘要: 职教本科建设形势下铁路高职院校同时设有专科及专升本两类生源，学生在心理上、学习上各有特点，原管理方式不能很好应对分层育人需要。文中以陕铁院会计专升本班为试点，结合辅导员实际职责设计学业、职业、心理、行为及家校协作五方面内容的精细化育人方案，将实训驻点、数字成长档案纳入育人手段，按人施策做分层辅导。对两年间各项量化指标作系统分析后发现：职业素养、自主学习能力、家校认同感都有较大增长，心理隐患减少，两类学生适应性差距正变小。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the construction of vocational undergraduate education, railway higher vocational colleges enroll two types of students: junior college students and students pursuing undergraduate degrees through college-to-university upgrading programs. These students differ distinctly in psychology and academic performance, making the original management model inadequate to meet the demands of hierarchical education. Taking the college-to-university upgrading accounting class of Shaanxi Railway Institute as a pilot. With the actual responsibilities of counselors, the paper designs a refined education plan covering five dimensions—academic development, career planning, mental health, behavioral management and home-school collaboration. It integrates on-site training tutoring and digital growth files into educational approaches, and delivers targeted hierarchical tutoring tailored to individual students. A systematic analysis of quantitative indicators collected over two years shows significant improvements in students’ professional literacy and autonomous learning ability, enhanced recognition of home-school cooperation, reduced psychological risks, and a narrowing adaptability gap between the two student groups.