数字化转型下格力电器供应链成本控制研究

Research on Supply Chain Cost Control of Gree Electric Appliances under Digital Transformation

摘要: 在数字经济与实体经济深度融合的背景下，数字化转型成为制造企业重构供应链成本结构、提升市场竞争力的核心路径。家电制造行业的供应链成本管控面临原材料价格波动、需求多元多变等多重挑战，亟需借助数字技术实现全链路精细化管理。本文以格力电器为研究对象，采用案例研究法，系统剖析数字化转型背景下格力电器供应链成本控制的现状、成效与现存问题，探究大数据、人工智能等数字技术在采购、生产、库存、物流、销售等供应链核心环节的嵌入路径与应用效果。研究发现，格力电器通过数字化手段实现了供应链各环节成本的阶段性优化，采购成本占比、销售费用率等指标呈下降趋势，存货周转率显著提升，但仍面临原材料成本管控承压、信息系统协同不足、第三方物流管理有待优化、数字化复合型人才短缺等问题。针对上述问题，本文从深化全链条数字化协同、搭建业财一体化采购平台、构建供应商协同评价体系、优化第三方物流管理、培养复合型人才五个维度提出改进建议，并揭示数字化转型通过“数据贯通–流程重构–组织协同”三重路径实现供应链成本控制从经验驱动向智能驱动跃迁的作用机制。本文研究不仅为格力电器进一步优化供应链成本管控提供实践参考，也为家电制造及传统制造企业的数字化供应链转型提供有益借鉴，丰富了数字化转型与供应链成本管理交叉领域的案例研究成果。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, digital transformation has become a core path for manufacturing enterprises to restructure their supply chain cost structure and enhance market competitiveness. The supply chain cost control of the home appliance manufacturing industry is faced with multiple challenges such as volatile raw material prices and diverse and changing market demands, which urgently requires the use of digital technologies to achieve refined management of the entire supply chain. Taking Gree Electric Appliances as the research object, this paper adopts the case study method to systematically analyze the current situation, effectiveness and existing problems of supply chain cost control of Gree Electric Appliances under the background of digital transformation, and explores the embedding paths and application effects of big data, artificial intelligence and other digital technologies in the core links of the supply chain including procurement, production, inventory, logistics and sales. The study finds that Gree Electric Appliances has achieved phased optimization of costs in all links of the supply chain through digital means, with indicators such as the proportion of procurement costs and sales expense ratio showing a downward trend and the inventory turnover rate increasing significantly. However, the enterprise still faces problems such as pressure on raw material cost control, insufficient synergy of information systems, the need for optimization in third-party logistics management, and a shortage of digital compound talents. In response to the above problems, this paper puts forward improvement suggestions from five dimensions: deepening the digital synergy of the entire supply chain, building an integrated business and financial procurement platform, constructing a supplier collaborative evaluation system, optimizing third-party logistics management, and cultivating compound talents. Meanwhile, it reveals the mechanism by which digital transformation realizes the leap of supply chain cost control from experience-driven to intelligence-driven through the triple paths of “data connection, process reconstruction and organizational synergy”. The research of this paper not only provides practical reference for Gree Electric Appliances to further optimize supply chain cost control, but also offers useful insights for the digital supply chain transformation of home appliance manufacturing and traditional manufacturing enterprises, enriching the case study results in the interdisciplinary field of digital transformation and supply chain cost management.