丽江机场雷暴的气候变化特征及气象保障分析

Climate Change Characteristics and Meteorological Guarantee Analysis of Lijiang Airport Thunderstorm

摘要: 利用2007~2022年丽江机场逐日雷暴观测资料，采用线性倾向方法、Morlet小波分析和Mann-Kendall趋势检验分析丽江机场雷暴年际变化特征和月际变化特征，总结了丽江机场雷暴的变化特征。分析表明：丽江机场夏季雷暴日数最多，冬、春季节的雷暴较少，秋季的雷暴日数比夏季少，呈现逐渐减少的趋势。雷暴主要起止时间集中于午后和夜间，夏季雷暴持续时间最长。西北方向出现的雷暴次数最多，南面出现的雷暴次数较少，自北向南方位呈逐渐减少的趋势。在雷暴发生前及时进行天气会商，严密监视天气变化情况，综合运用经验预报和数值预报等方法，能进一步做好航空气象保障工作。

Abstract: Based on the daily thunderstorm observation data of Lijiang Airport from 2007 to 2022, the interannual and intermonthly variation characteristics of thunderstorms at Lijiang Airport were analyzed by linear tendency method, Morlet wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall trend test, and the variation characteristics of thunderstorms at Lijiang Airport were summarized. The analysis shows that the number of thunderstorm days in summer is the highest in Lijiang Airport, while the number of thunderstorm days in winter and spring is lower. The number of thunderstorm days in autumn is less than that in summer, showing a decreasing trend. Thunderstorms mainly start and end in the afternoon and at night, and they last the longest in summer. The frequency of thunderstorms was the highest in the northwest and lowest in the south, with a decreasing trend from north to south. Timely weather consultation before the occurrence of thunderstorms, close monitoring of weather changes, and the combined use of empirical forecasting and numerical forecasting can further improve aviation meteorological support work.