算法管理对员工绩效的双刃剑效应研究

Research on the Double-Edged Sword Effect of Algorithmic Management on Employee Performance

摘要: 随着数字经济的纵深发展，算法管理已成为企业人力资源管理数字化转型的核心驱动力。然而，算法在重塑组织效能的同时，也引发了员工对技术的复杂情感反应——算法厌恶与算法偏好，这一心理机制深刻影响着员工的绩效表现与工作行为。文章立足人机协同的视角，以自我决定理论与资源保存理论为分析工具，系统梳理了算法情感倾向对员工绩效的双刃剑效应及其传导机制。研究指出，当前企业在算法管理应用中面临着算法黑箱引发信任危机、过度量化剥夺工作自主性以及数据滥用与算法偏见等现实困境。基于此，文章从提升算法透明度、重构人机协同边界、完善数据伦理规范等维度提出优化对策，并针对平台企业、传统制造业与知识密集型企业提出差异化的算法管理策略。研究不仅为缓解员工技术焦虑、引导算法偏好提供了理论参考，也为企业实现技术赋能与人文关怀的平衡提供了实践路径。

Abstract: With the in-depth development of the digital economy, algorithm management has become the core driving force behind the digital transformation of enterprise human resource management. However, while algorithms are reshaping organizational efficiency, they have also triggered complex emotional reactions among employees towards technology—algorithmic aversion and algorithmic preference. This psychological mechanism profoundly affects employees’ performance and work behavior. From the perspective of human-machine collaboration, and drawing on self-determination theory and conservation of resources theory, this paper systematically examines the double-edged sword effect of algorithmic emotional tendencies on employee performance and its transmission mechanism. The research points out that current enterprises face practical dilemmas in the application of algorithm management, such as trust crises caused by algorithmic “black boxes”, excessive quantification depriving work autonomy, and data abuse and algorithmic bias. Based on this, this paper proposes optimization measures from the dimensions of enhancing algorithmic transparency in a tiered manner, reconstructing the boundaries of human-machine collaboration, and improving data ethics norms, and further proposes differentiated algorithmic management strategies for platform enterprises, traditional manufacturing enterprises, and knowledge-intensive enterprises. The research not only provides theoretical references for alleviating employees’ technological anxiety and guiding algorithmic preference but also offers practical paths for enterprises to achieve a balance between technological empowerment and humanistic care.