AI职业不安全感对心理健康的影响：组织自尊的中介作用

The Impact of AI-Related Occupational Insecurity on Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Organizational Self-Esteem

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨AI时代背景下的职业不安全感对心理健康的影响，并考察组织自尊的中介效应。本研究采用横断面设计，通过线上电子问卷和线下调研形式招募了370名员工参与调研问卷，保留了361份有效问卷(问卷有效率97.76%)，采用改编AI职业不安全感量表(AI-OCIS)、组织自尊量表(OBSE)、患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)和广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7 (GAD-7)，对被试的AI职业不安全感感知、组织自尊水平、焦虑和抑郁症状进行施测。初步分析结果表明，AI职业不安全感与抑郁症状(r = 0.383)、焦虑症状(r = 0.380)呈显著正相关，与组织自尊呈显著负相关(r = −0.481)；中介效应分析显示，组织自尊在AI职业不安全感与抑郁、焦虑症状之间均起部分中介作用，中介效应占比分别为31.62%和20.60%。AI职业不安全感与员工抑郁症状与焦虑症状呈显著正相关，且组织自尊在两者之间呈显著中介作用，即AI职业不安全感水平越高，员工在组织自尊感知水平越低，进而伴随更高程度的抑郁和焦虑症状。据此，组织在推进AI技术应用时，可考虑将维持与提升员工的组织自尊水平纳入员工心理支持的实践考量，这一路径或可成为缓解技术变革所带来的AI职业不安全感的潜在切入点。

Abstract: This study aims to examine the impact of occupation insecurity in the AI era on mental health, and to investigate the mediating role of organizational self-esteem. A cross-sectional design was adopted, a total of 370 employees were recruited via online electronic questionnaires and offline field surveys, and 361 valid questionnaires were retained, corresponding to an effective response rate of 97.76%. Participants were assessed using adapted scales: Artificial Intelligence Occupational Insecurity Scale (AI-OCIS), Organization-Based Self-Esteem Scale (OBSE), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), to measure perceived AI-related occupation insecurity, organizational self-esteem levels, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Preliminary analyses revealed that AI-related occupation insecurity was significantly positively correlated with depression (r = 0.383) and anxiety (r = 0.380), and significantly negatively correlated with organizational self-esteem (r = −0.481). Mediation analysis indicated that organizational self-esteem partially mediated the relationships between AI-related occupation insecurity and both depression and anxiety, accounting for 31.62% and 20.60% of the total effect respectively. AI-related occupation insecurity is significantly positively correlated with employees’ depressive and anxiety symptoms, with organizational self-esteem playing a significant mediating role between the depressive and anxiety symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of AI-related occupation insecurity are associated with lower perceived organizational self-esteem, which in turn leads to increased levels of depression and anxiety. Therefore, when implementing AI technologies, organizations may consider incorporating strategies to maintain and enhance employees’ organizational self-esteem into their psychological support practices. This approach could serve as a potential entry point for alleviating AI-related job insecurity caused by technological change.