马克思主义政治经济学视域下的美学批判及当代价值探析

An Analysis of Aesthetic Critique and Its Contemporary Value from the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy

摘要: 以马克思主义政治经济学为理论基底的美学批判，将资本主义生产方式作为核心剖析对象，直指其与审美主体自由实践之间的根本对立，这种对立直接造成审美活动主、客体条件的双重丧失。从政治经济学视角出发，批判资本主义商品经济催生的形式美学同质化现象，挖掘审美无意识背后的社会根源，在此基础上探索重塑审美生命的现实路径。透过资本逻辑解析审美活动与文化生产的现实表征，揭露资本主导下审美本质的扭曲与文化生产的异化问题。最终，在对资本主义运行逻辑的深度批判中，探寻审美回归自由本真的实践路径，为解读并抵御当代社会中资本主义文化渗透提供理论支撑，也为立足实践追求美好生活、实现人的自由全面发展奠定思想基础。

Abstract: Taking the Marxist political economy as its theoretical foundation, the aesthetic criticism regards the capitalist mode of production as the core object of analysis, and directly points to the fundamental contradiction between it and the free practice of aesthetic subjects—a contradiction that leads to the dual loss of the subjective and objective conditions for aesthetic activities. From the perspective of political economy, it criticizes the homogenization of formal aesthetics brought about by the capitalist commodity economy, explores the social roots behind aesthetic unconsciousness, and on this basis, probes into the practical path for reshaping aesthetic life. By interpreting the realistic manifestations of aesthetic activities and cultural production through the capital logic, it exposes the distortion of aesthetic essence and the alienation of cultural production under the dominance of capital. Ultimately, through an in-depth criticism of the operational logic of capitalism, it seeks the practical path for aesthetic activities to return to their free and authentic nature, which provides theoretical support for interpreting and resisting the infiltration of capitalist culture in contemporary society, and lays an ideological foundation for pursuing a better life and realizing the free and all-round development of human beings based on practice.