磁性壳聚糖基疏水海绵的制备及其吸油性能研究
Preparation of Magnetic Chitosan-Based Hydrophobic Sponge and Its Oil Absorption Performance
DOI: 10.12677/ms.2026.169183, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 苏春平, 李星宇：武汉工程大学化学与环境工程学院，湖北 武汉
关键词: 超疏水/超亲油；疏水改性；吸油；壳聚糖；磁性；Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic； Hydrophobic Modification； Oil Absorption； Chitosan； Magnetic
摘要: 本研究采用简单的吸附浸渍、化学交联和表面改性法制备了兼具超疏水性和磁性的壳聚糖基海绵(CS-Fe3O4-MF-cit-SA)。该海绵所具有的高孔隙率，优良的超疏水/超亲油性能和磁响应性能，使其能实现水上浮油和水下重油的选择性吸油，且可利用其磁性实现定向吸附和后续海绵的回收。对多种油类/有机溶剂的吸油容量在28 g/g~57 g/g之间。循环使用方面，对低沸点正己烷经过30次循环后依然保持着较高的回收率(98.6%)；对硅油这类沸点较高且黏性大的油在多次循环后也能保持83%以上的回收率，表现出高效的油水分离效率和循环使用性能，在海洋溢油应急处理以及含油工业废水净化等场景具有潜在的应用前景。
Abstract: In this study, a chitosan-based sponge with both superhydrophobicity and magnetism (CS-Fe3O4-MF-cit-SA) was prepared by simple adsorption-impregnation, chemical cross-linking and surface modification methods. The sponge possesses high porosity, excellent superhydrophobic/superoleophilic and magnetic response properties, enabling it to selectively absorb floating oil on water and heavy oil underwater. It can also achieve directional adsorption and subsequent sponge recovery by utilizing its magnetism. The oil absorption capacity for various oils/organic solvents ranges from 28 g/g to 57 g/g. In terms of recycling, after 30 cycles of low-boiling-point n-hexane, the recovery rate still remained high (98.6%); for silicone oil, a type of oil with higher boiling point and higher viscosity, it could also maintain a recovery rate of over 83% after multiple cycles. These results indicated that the prepared magnetic hydrophobic sponge has efficient oil-water separation performance and good recyclability. It has potential application prospects in marine oil spill emergency handling and the purification of oily industrial wastewater.
文章引用：苏春平, 李星宇. 磁性壳聚糖基疏水海绵的制备及其吸油性能研究[J]. 材料科学, 2026, 16(9): 71-83. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2026.169183

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