职业本科院校职业指导与创业教育融合育人的体系重构

Reconstructing the System of Integrating Career Guidance and Entrepreneurship Education in Vocational Undergraduate Colleges

摘要: 职业指导与创业教育是高校就业育人与创新创业教育体系的核心组成部分，两者在职业认知建构、岗位适应训练及创新项目实践层面具有显著的互补增益。然而，当前多数院校的两类教育仍呈割裂运行状态，课程体系断层、资源配置分散、实践平台重复、评价导向单一，致使融合育人的整体效能未能充分释放。研究立足职业发展理论、人力资本理论、建构主义学习理论及创新创业教育理论，系统阐释了职业指导与创业教育融合的内在逻辑与价值功能。基于对我国职业本科教育改革的现实审视，本文提出“理念–课程–平台–师资–数字–评价”六位一体的协同重构框架。研究认为，职业指导与创业教育并非孤立的教育活动，而是围绕学生终身职业发展构成的连续性赋能链条，其深度融合对提升学生职业胜任力与创新驱动力、推动职业本科教育内涵式发展具有重要意义。

Abstract: Career guidance and entrepreneurship education are core components of the employment-oriented and innovation-and-entrepreneurship education systems in universities, offering significant complementary benefits in career cognition construction, job adaptation training, and innovative project practice. However, currently, these two types of education in most institutions still operate in a fragmented manner, with disjointed curriculum systems, scattered resource allocation, repetitive practical platforms, and a singular evaluation orientation, resulting in the failure to fully realize the overall effectiveness of integrated education. This research, based on career development theory, human capital theory, constructivist learning theory, and innovation-and-entrepreneurship education theory, systematically elucidates the inherent logic and value function of integrating career guidance and entrepreneurship education. Based on a realistic examination of the reform of vocational undergraduate education in my country, this paper proposes a six-in-one collaborative reconstruction framework encompassing “concept-curriculum-platform-faculty-digital-evaluation”. The study argues that career guidance and entrepreneurship education are not isolated educational activities, but rather a continuous empowerment chain centered around students’ lifelong career development. Their deep integration is of great significance for enhancing students’ professional competence and innovation drive, and for promoting the connotative development of vocational undergraduate education.