基于“项目式学习”的专业技能实训体系的建立与实践探索——以心理学专业为例

Establishment and Practice Exploration of a Professional Skills Training System Based on “Project-Based Learning”—A Case Study of Psychology Major

摘要: 针对心理学人才培养与市场需求脱节的问题，本研究以行动研究法为框架，依托专业选修课，构建并实践了一套以市场需求为导向、基于项目式学习的专业技能实训体系。该体系驱动学生组建团队，围绕真实社会需求自主开发系列化心理训练产品，具体实践了“自信心训练营”“自律养成训练营”“专注力训练营”等7个项目。历经两轮“计划–行动–观察–反思”循环，通过多元数据评估成效。结果表明，该体系有效培养了学生的项目式思维、心理培训课程包的设计开发能力及专业实操技能，实现了从“知识学习者”向“产品设计者”和“服务提供者”的角色转型，为高校心理学应用型人才培养提供了可推广的实践范式。

Abstract: Addressing the mismatch between psychology talent development and societal demands, this study adopted an action research methodology to establish and implement a professional skills training system based on Project-Based Learning (PBL) within a psychology elective course. Guided by real-world social needs, the proposed system encouraged students to form collaborative teams and independently develop a series of psychological training programs targeting authentic problems. Specifically, seven project-based programs were developed and implemented, including a Self-Confidence Training Program, a Self-Regulation Development Program, and an Attention Enhancement Training Program. Through two iterative cycles of “planning - action - observation - reflection”, the effectiveness of the training system was evaluated using multiple sources of data. The results indicated that the proposed system effectively enhanced students’ project-based thinking, competencies in designing and developing psychological training curricula, and professional practical skills. Furthermore, it facilitated students’ transformation from passive knowledge learners to active product designers and service providers. This study provides a practical and transferable model for cultivating applied psychology professionals in higher education.