潍坊市潍城区脑卒中高危人群筛查结果及危险因素特征分析

Screening Results and Characteristics of Risk Factors for Stroke in High-Risk Populations of Weicheng District, Weifang City

摘要: 目的：基于2024年潍城区脑卒中高危人群筛查数据，分析该地区脑卒中相关危险因素的流行特征及人口学分布特点，为制定针对性的脑卒中防治策略提供科学依据。方法：采用国家脑防委办公室统一的脑卒中风险评估表，对参加潍坊市潍城区2024年度脑卒中高危人群筛查与干预项目的居民进行危险因素筛查。所有入选者均完成体格检查及必要实验室检测，共获取有效资料2014份，比较不同性别、年龄人群危险因素分布的差异。结果：共筛查2014人，其中脑卒中高危人群阳性检出人数为363人，阳性检出率为18.02%。前三位危险因素及其顺序如下：血脂异常、缺乏运动和高血压病。结论：潍城区脑卒中危险因素在男性、低学历人群及机关、企事业单位负责人中检出率较高。建议通过社区健康项目加强“三高”管理，制定区域化防治策略，并针对机关企事业单位负责人高危率突出的问题，建议与相关单位工会合作，推广工间操、设置站立式办公区，并将年度体检与卒中风险评估相结合，以降低脑卒中发病风险。

Abstract: Objective: Based on the 2024 screening data of high-risk stroke populations in Weicheng District, this study analyzes the epidemiological characteristics and demographic distribution of stroke-related risk factors in the area, aiming to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted stroke prevention and control strategies. Methods: Using the uniform stroke risk assessment form issued by the National Office for Stroke Prevention and Control, residents participating in the 2024 Stroke High-Risk Population Screening and Intervention Program in Weicheng District, Weifang City were screened for risk factors. All participants underwent physical examinations and necessary laboratory tests. A total of 2014 valid records were collected, and differences in the distribution of risk factors across genders and age groups were compared. Results: A total of 2014 individuals were screened, among whom 363 were identified as high-risk for stroke, yielding a positive detection rate of 18.02%. The top three risk factors, in descending order of prevalence, were dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, and hypertension. Conclusion: The detection rates of stroke risk factors in Weicheng District were higher among males, individuals with lower educational levels, and heads of government agencies, enterprises, and public institutions. It is recommended to strengthen the management of “three highs” (hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia) through community-based health projects and to formulate region-specific prevention and treatment strategies. In view of the prominent high-risk rate among heads of government agencies, enterprises, and public institutions, it is suggested to collaborate with the trade unions of relevant units to promote workplace exercise breaks, set up standing workstations, and integrate annual physical examinations with stroke risk assessment, so as to reduce the risk of stroke incidence.