不同艾灸频率对寒湿型腰椎间盘突出症疗效的回顾性比较

Retrospective Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Different Moxibustion Frequency on Cold Damp Type Lumbar Disc Herniation

摘要: 目的：比较不同艾灸频率对寒湿型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效，探讨艾灸治疗频率与疗效的关系，为优化艾灸治疗方案提供循证依据。方法：采用回顾性研究方法，收集2021年1月至2025年12月在珠海市中西医结合医院针灸科就诊的寒湿型腰椎间盘突出症患者病历资料。根据艾灸治疗频率分为高频组(实际接受艾灸 ≥ 3次/周)和低频组(0~2次/周)，高频组42例、低频组28例，治疗周期均为1~4周。比较两组患者治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)的变化。结果：共纳入70例患者，两组基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。治疗后两组VAS评分均较治疗前显著降低(P < 0.01)。两组治疗后VAS评分(高频组3.55 ± 0.83，低频组3.64 ± 0.56)差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。低频组1例患者出现局部皮肤轻微发红、瘙痒，余患者均未发生不良事件。结论：艾灸治疗寒湿型腰椎间盘突出症可有效缓解疼痛，且安全性良好；在本研究条件下，高频艾灸(实际接受艾灸 ≥ 3次/周)与低频艾灸(0~2次/周)的镇痛疗效相当。本研究反映的是艾灸暴露频率与疗效的关系，艾灸本身的有效性仍需前瞻性随机对照试验验证。

Abstract: Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of different moxibustion frequencies in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) of cold-dampness type, to explore the relationship between moxibustion treatment frequency and therapeutic efficacy, and to provide evidence for optimizing moxibustion treatment protocols. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. Medical records of patients with cold-dampness type lumbar disc herniation treated in Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhuhai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital between January 2021 and December 2025 were collected. Patients were divided into a high-frequency group (actually receiving moxibustion ≥ 3 sessions/week) and a low-frequency group (0~2 sessions/week) according to the frequency of moxibustion treatment, with 42 cases in the high-frequency group and 28 cases in the low-frequency group. The treatment course lasted 1~4 weeks for both groups. Changes in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 70 patients were included, and there were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups (P > 0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in post-treatment VAS scores between the two groups (high-frequency group: 3.55 ± 0.83; low-frequency group: 3.64 ± 0.56; P > 0.05). One patient in the low-frequency group developed mild local skin redness and itching, and no adverse events occurred in the remaining patients. Conclusion: Moxibustion can effectively relieve pain in patients with cold-dampness type lumbar disc herniation and has a good safety profile. Under the conditions of this study, the analgesic efficacy of high-frequency moxibustion (≥3 sessions/week) was comparable to that of low-frequency moxibustion (0~2 sessions/week). This study reflects the relationship between the frequency of moxibustion exposure and therapeutic efficacy; the effectiveness of moxibustion itself still needs to be verified by prospective randomized controlled trials.