养老机构户外绿色空间对入住老年人活动范围的影响
The Impact of Outdoor Green Spaces on the Activity Range of Older Residents in Nursing Homes
摘要: 入住养老机构后，老年人的活动范围普遍显著收缩，而户外绿色空间的品质与可及性在其中扮演着基础性角色。本文在理论分析的基础上，通过系统梳理近年来国内外实证研究成果，从可达性、安全感知、社交吸引力和空间品质四个维度，验证并深化了户外绿色空间影响老年人活动范围的具体机制。文章揭示活动范围受限背后隐藏的养老社会问题。研究认为，户外绿色空间是入住老年人接触自然、社会交往和维持自主性的重要载体，应通过空间适老化设计、管理制度的标准化与差异化以及照护文化转变，使每一位老年人都能方便地走出建筑，保障其活动自由，应成为养老服务品质不可妥协的基本准则。
Abstract: After moving into nursing homes, older adults generally experience a marked contraction in their activity range, in which the quality and accessibility of outdoor green spaces play a fundamental role. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper systematically reviews recent empirical studies at home and abroad, and verifies and deepens the specific mechanisms through which outdoor green spaces influence older adults’ activity range from four dimensions—accessibility, safety perception, social attractiveness, and spatial quality. The study argues that outdoor green spaces are not decorative embellishments of nursing homes, but rather vital carriers for residents to connect with nature, engage in social interaction, and maintain autonomy. Through elderly-oriented spatial design, the standardization and differentiation of management systems, and a transformation of care culture, every older adult should be able to easily walk out of the building. Guaranteeing their freedom of activity should be established as a non-negotiable basic principle for the quality of eldercare services.
文章引用：唐瑞瑞. 养老机构户外绿色空间对入住老年人活动范围的影响[J]. 老龄化研究, 2026, 13(9): 690-697. https://doi.org/10.12677/ar.2026.139711

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