基于分层培养的中职工业机器人技术应用课程开发

Curriculum Development of Industrial Robot Technology Application in Secondary Vocational Education Based on Hierarchical Training

摘要: 随着智能制造产业的快速发展，中等职业教育面临着培养技术技能人才的紧迫要求。然而，现行的中职工业机器人课程往往采用“一刀切”的教学模式，难以有效应对学生能力非均衡发展的问题。本研究以工业机器人系统操作员岗位能力需求为导向，对《工业机器人技术应用(中级)》课程内容进行模块化重构，构建了“基础–进阶–精通”三级分层培养体系。研究遵循“岗位核心需求 + 综合工艺融合”的原则，将岗位典型能力提炼为模块化内容，设计梯度化学习任务，实现差异化能力培养。同时，本研究深度融入技能等级认定与大赛资源，构建了“岗课赛证”驱动的资源支撑体系，建立动态调整机制以适应学生能力发展的阶段性特征。实践结果表明，该分层培养模式能够有效满足学生的发展需求，提升了学生的岗位技能水平与职业认同感，为中职工业机器人专业课程重构与高质量人才培养提供了可借鉴的实践路径。

Abstract: With the rapid development of the intelligent manufacturing industry, secondary vocational education is facing an urgent need to cultivate highly skilled technical personnel. However, existing industrial robotics courses in secondary vocational education often adopt a “one-size-fits-all” teaching model, making it difficult to effectively address the uneven development of students’ competencies. Guided by the competency requirements of industrial robot system operators, this study conducts a modular reconstruction of the Industrial Robot Technology Application (Intermediate) course and develops a three-level hierarchical training system consisting of “Foundation-Advanced-Proficiency.” Following the principle of “core occupational requirements + integrated manufacturing processes,” the study extracts typical occupational competencies and transforms them into modular learning content, while designing progressively structured learning tasks to support differentiated competency development. Meanwhile, skill-level certification and competition resources are deeply integrated to establish a resource support system driven by the integration of “job-course-competition-certification.” A dynamic adjustment mechanism is also developed to accommodate the stage-specific characteristics of students’ competency development. The practical results demonstrate that the hierarchical training model can effectively meet students’ developmental needs and improve their occupational skills and professional identity. The study provides a practical pathway for the reconstruction of industrial robotics curricula and the high-quality cultivation of technical and skilled personnel in secondary vocational education.